计算机科学与探索2025，Vol.19Issue(6)：1414-1436,23.DOI:10.3778/j.issn.1673-9418.2411001
基于大语言模型的虚假信息检测框架综述
Review of False Information Detection Frameworks Based on Large Language Models
摘要
Abstract
Globally,the spread of false information on the Internet,especially on social media,has become an urgent issue to be addressed.With the rise of artificial intelligence technology,the application research of large language models in false information detection has become a hot topic.However,in China,related research in this field is relatively scarce and has not yet formed a complete system.To systematically review the current research status and development trends,this paper provides a comprehensive summary of the application of large language models in false information detection.This paper focuses on the false information detection framework based on large language models and deeply explores the innovative applications of large language models in data generation,data augmentation,information extraction,integra-tion with external knowledge and tools,model improvement,final fusion decision-making,explanation and feedback gen-eration during the false information detection process.It outlines the definition of false information and the background of its spread,elaborates on the core detection process in the framework,sorts out the innovation points in each link of the false information detection framework,summarizes the"internal"and"external"detection processes,and expounds on the model improvements such as retrieval enhancement,prompt engineering,fine-tuning,and final decision-making involved in the detection process.Finally,it analyzes the challenges faced by false information detection based on large language models at present and looks forward to future research directions,with the aim of providing references and inspirations for the development of false information detection based on large language models.关键词
大语言模型/虚假信息检测/数据增强/关键信息抽取Key words
large language models/false information detection/data augmentation/key information extraction分类
计算机与自动化引用本文复制引用
张欣,孙靖超..基于大语言模型的虚假信息检测框架综述[J].计算机科学与探索,2025,19(6):1414-1436,23.基金项目
中国人民公安大学基本科研业务费项目(2023JKF02ZK04). This paper was supported by the Basic Science Fee Project of People's Public Security University of China(2023JKF02ZK04). （2023JKF02ZK04）
