农业资源与环境学报2025，Vol.42Issue(3)：730-737,8.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2024.0146
花后干旱胁迫下氮素对复播大豆产量、品质及水氮利用效率的影响
Effects of nitrogen on yield,quality,and water and nitrogen use efficiency of multiple cropping soybean under drought stress after anthesis
摘要
Abstract
Effects of nitrogen application on aboveground dry matter accumulation,nitrogen distribution,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,yield,and quality of soybean under drought stress were studied to provide a basis for nutrient management and stress regulation of regional soybean.A pot experiment was conducted with two water treatments(drought,SD:potted plants irrigated to 45%-55%of field capacity;full irrigation,SF:potted plants irrigated to 75%-85%of field capacity)and three nitrogen levels(low nitrogen,N1:275 kg·hm-2;medium nitrogen,N2:413 kg·hm-2;high nitrogen,N3:550 kg·hm-2).The response characteristics of growth,physiological characteristics,yield,and quality of soybean after flowering to drought stress and nitrogen application were studied.The results showed that drought stress decreased the total dry matter accumulation,organ nitrogen content,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,yield,and quality of soybean after anthesis.The total dry matter accumulation under N3 treatment with SD at full grain stage increased by 36.53%compared with N1 treatment.SD resulted in a significant decrease in nitrogen content in various organs of soybean compared with SF.With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application at full grain stage,the nitrogen content of organs increased,with the N3 treatment increasing the total nitrogen content of organs by 28.16%compared with the N1 treatment.SD decreased the activities of nitrate reductase(NR)and glutamine synthetase(GS)by 28.79%and 29.15%,respectively,under the N1 treatment,and significantly increased these parameters under N2 treatment.Compared with SF,N1 treatment with SD decreased soybean yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN)by 26.20%and 26.24%,respectively,and increased water use efficiency(WUEg)by 18.21%.Compared with SF,the protein and fat contents of soybean under N1 treatment decreased by 2.13 and 1.94 percentage points,respectively,and each index was the best under N2 treatment.The supply of soil moisture and nitrogen fertilizer had a certain regulation and complementary effect on the yield of reseeding soybean.Under drought stress,increasing nitrogen input could enhance the activity of nitrogen metabolism enzymes in reseeding soybean and promote dry matter accumulation and nitrogen distribution and transport in various organs.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the aboveground dry matter accumulation,organ nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,yield,and protein and fat contents of soybean showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and each index was optimal at 413 kg·hm-2.Nitrogen application can effectively alleviate the damage caused by drought to soybean.In the arid area of northern Xinjiang,the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer is 413 kg·hm-2.关键词
复播大豆/干旱胁迫/氮积累/水氮利用效率/产量Key words
reseeding soybean/drought stress/nitrogen accumulation/water and nitrogen use efficiency/yield分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
张康旭,李孟姣,何皇成,刘建国..花后干旱胁迫下氮素对复播大豆产量、品质及水氮利用效率的影响[J].农业资源与环境学报,2025,42(3):730-737,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501406) （2016YFC0501406）
第七师-石河子大学科技创新专项(QS2023013) National Key Research and Development Progect of China(2016YFC0501406) （QS2023013）
Seventh Division-Shihezi University Science and Technology Innovation Special Project of China(QS2023013) （QS2023013）
