南方建筑Issue(5)：11-21,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2025.05.002
从行为模拟到边界识别:主体建模方法在社区生活圈适老化分析中的应用
From Behavior Simulation to Boundary Identification:The Application of Agent-Based Modeling in Aging-Friendly Analysis of Community Life Circles:A Case Study based on Lianhua Street,Futian District,Shenzhen
摘要
Abstract
As urban population aging intensifies,accurately identifying and optimizing community life circles that support the daily activities of elderly residents has become a critical challenge for improving age-friendly environments.A community life circle recognition method for the aged that integrates high precision and operability was proposed from survey data on the behaviors of communities in Futian Field and combined with the philosophy of"home domain"and agent-based modeling method.Moreover,an application study was conducted in Lianhua Street,Shenzhen. First,the travel chains and facility preferences were analyzed based on 276 travel behavior questionnaires of the elderly.A behavior simulation model of the aged was built on the Anylogic platform to produce walking trajectories.Subsequently,boundaries of the community life circle with 74 residential units were determined on the ArcGIS platform by combining the recognition philosophy of ecological"home domain"and the minimum convex polygon and kernel density estimation method.The precision of the proposed method was verified through a field survey.Results showed that the simulated trajectories overlap highly with actual travel paths,proving that the method has strong applicability and promotion values in high-density urban communities. On this basis,the life cycle's spatial forms and correlations were further analyzed.For spatial forms,three typical classes of life circles were recognized:network type,synaptic type,and radial type.The network type is manifested as diversified facilities,interweaving nodes,compact paths,and appropriate addition of informal social spaces.High-level facilities guide the synaptic type and have strong path extension,which requires embedding intergenerational shared infrastructure along extended paths.The radial type has many problems,such as fragmented boundaries and dispersing paths,which reflect uneven distribution of facilities and poor accessibility.On spatial correlations,a three-dimensional judgment system based on the Jaccard coefficient,facility sharing strength,and behavior similarity was established and used to divide the life cycle into boundary-independent type,facility coupling type,and behavior configuration type.This discloses the mutual influences between micromechanisms(e.g.,spatial fragmentation and path dependence)and facility layout. According to aging-friendly analysis results,the 15-minute walking coverage for medical facilities in Lianhua Street is 68.5％,but there are significant regional differences,and the coverage in some villages in the city is lower than 50％.Analysis of the service matching degree shows an insufficient service radius of the aged's preferred facilities(e.g.,parks,vegetable markets,and community health center),and uneven density of informal social facilities.The overall coverage of barrier-free routes is only 54.2％,and it is lower in some regions,such as the synaptic type.This further restricts the daily travel of the aged. Hence,differential aging-friendly optimization strategies for three types of life circles were proposed.The network type should focus on optimizing the configuration of path nodes and social communication sites.The synaptic type should introduce intergenerational sharing facilities and a small-sized shuttle system.The radial type should supplement microscale infrastructure and small-scaled pocket parks,and improve local serviceability.Meanwhile,it suggests including indexes such as"life circle-to-residential area ratio"and"barrier-free path coverage"into community aging-friendly planning standards and promoting governance transition from space supply to behavioral adaptation. In sum,the proposed recognition method based on agent-based modeling and the concept of"home domain"provides a precise and low-cost technical path for aging-friendly community planning and builds an analytical framework from space recognition to policy optimization that has promising practical prospects.关键词
社区生活圈/主体建模方法/老年人出行行为/家域Key words
community life circle/agent-based-modeling/travel behavior of the elderly/home domain分类
土木建筑引用本文复制引用
戴冬晖,李阳,张睿..从行为模拟到边界识别:主体建模方法在社区生活圈适老化分析中的应用[J].南方建筑,2025,(5):11-21,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078159):基于主体建模技术的居住区空间模拟与优化方法研究 （52078159）
深圳市稳定支持计划资助项目(GXWD20220811163309001):基于主体建模方法的深圳市社区生活圈识别与评价. （GXWD20220811163309001）
