南方建筑Issue(5)：22-32,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2025.05.003
城市建成环境对居民心理健康的影响研究综述
Research Review of the Effects of Urban Built Environment on the Mental Health of Residents
摘要
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization,the prevalence of mental health issues has been rising globally,posing a significant challenge to residents' quality of life and sustainable social development.As the primary spatial carrier of residents' daily activities,cities profoundly impact their psychological states and mental well-being.Therefore,in-depth studies on how the built environment influences mental health and exploration of its underlying mechanisms and intervention strategies are significant in promoting healthy urban development and optimizing urban planning and design. Through a systematic review of recent domestic and international studies,this research summarizes the key mechanisms and pathways through which the built environment affects mental health from an interdisciplinary perspective of urban planning,psychology,and neuroscience.First,four critical physiological mechanisms by which the urban environment affects mental health were identified:endocrine mechanism,evolutionary mechanism,neural mechanism,and molecular genetic mechanism.Subsequently,five direct and indirect paths for the urban built environment to influence mental health from five dimensions of blue-green spaces,urban morphology,spatial environmental quality,travel environment,and urban facilities were reviewed and analyzed thoroughly.Additionally,this study discussed data indicators,research methodologies,and the heterogeneous and long-term effects of the built environment on mental health. Research results indicate that the urban built environment affects mental health through multiple mechanisms,and different types of built environmental factors play distinct roles in the improvement or damage of mental health.With respect to direct effects,the blue-green spaces affect mental health by regulating microenvironment and sensory pleasure.Urban morphology affects mental health through spatial pressure,high-density pollution,and sunlight deprivation.Spatial environmental quality affects mental health through sensory stimulation.With respect to indirect effects,blue-green spaces affect mental health by promoting physical activity and strengthening social interaction.The travel environment affects mental health by shortening travel time and optimizing travel modes.Urban facilities affect mental health by increasing travel behaviors,promoting physical activities,and strengthening social communication.According to further discussions,recent studies present new methodologies and development trends.Specifically,the built environment gradually transfers toward being human-oriented and emphasizes the importance of individual perception.The emerging new measurement methods increase the accuracy and operability of environmental variables.The deepening explorations on scale effect aim to disclose different impacts of the built environment on mental health under different spatial scales.For research methodologies,intervention studies present a significant increasing trend that provides further strong evidence to deduce causes and effects.Studies have also begun to pay more attention to the heterogeneity effects of the built environment on mental health.Moreover,in-depth studies on long-term effects are conducted gradually to disclose the cumulative effects of environmental exposure on mental health. The built environment exerts complex effects on mental health.Reasonable optimization of urban spatial layout and improved environmental qualtiy are important to improving the mental health level of residents.Although studies concerning the effects of the urban built environment on mental health are improving,some fields still have not been discussed fully.Future studies could further develop theoretical frameworks applicable to China,strengthen studies on small-scaled built environmental factors,and pay attention to the health needs of the vulnerable groups,aiming to provide more accurate scientific support for the construction of healthy cities.关键词
城市建成环境/心理健康/精神疾病/影响机制Key words
urban built environment/mental health/mental disorders/influencing mechanism分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
陈沛暄,盛明洁..城市建成环境对居民心理健康的影响研究综述[J].南方建筑,2025,(5):22-32,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378029):健康视阈下社区养老设施"舒适感知-光热性能"关联机制与设计方法——以京津为例 （52378029）
天津大学科技创新领军人才培育"攀登计划"项目(31343):城乡规划与设计. （31343）
