西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(3)：469-478,10.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.3.004
基于降水及作物需水的粮烟种植制度优化分析
Optimization analysis of grain-tobacco cropping systems based on precipitation and crop water requirements
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to identify grain-tobacco planting patterns with high water-use efficiency and minimal(or low)irriga-tion requirements by analyzing crop water requirements and water deficit indices under different grain-tobacco planting modes in Shaanxi province.[Method]Based on the crop coefficient method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),the crop water deficit index model(CWDI),combined with meteorological and soil data(2014-2023)and regional crop growth re-cords were used to analyze the crop coefficients,water demand characteristics,water deficits and spatial distribution patterns of flue-cured to-bacco which were based on summer soybean,sweet potato,and summer corn under monocropping and intercropping with flue-cured tobacco in northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi.[Result]The crop coefficients peaked in southern Shaanxi during the early growth stage,followed by Guanzhong and northern regions,whereas the trend reversed during the mid and late stages.Flue-cured tobacco had the highest water demand,while summer corn had the lowest.Compared with the intercropping systems of flue-cured tobacco with summer soybean or with summer corn,the water requirement of flue-cured tobacco monocropping increased by 10.63％ and 23.85％ in northern Shaanxi,by 9.38％ and 22.18％ in central Shaanxi,and by 9.24％ and 19.85％ in southern Shaanxi,respectively.Intercropping reduced the water deficit of summer corn and summer soybean(e.g.,CWDI of summer corn in northern Shaanxi decreased by 9.89％),but increased the deficit of sweet potato(e.g.,CWDI of sweet potato in northern Shaanxi increased by 4.28％).[Conclusion]Optimizing the grain-tobacco intercrop-ping system in Shaanxi province can improve rainfall utilization efficiency and reduce agricultural irrigation water use.Tobacco-sweet potato intercropping is suitable for southern Shaanxi,and in northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong regions,intercropping of flue-cured tobacco and sum-mer corn is recommended first,followed by intercropping of summer soybean.Tobacco-summer corn intercropping can reduce water demand by 20％ approximately compared with tobacco monocropping,effectively reducing irrigation requirements and alleviating regional water shorta-ges in northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong regions.These findings provide scientific evidence for agricultural water conservation and sustainable cropping under water resource scarcity and climate change.关键词
陕西省/粮烟/需水量/水分亏缺指数/种植制度Key words
Shaanxi province/Grain-tobacco/Crop water requirement/Crop water deficit index/Cropping system分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
汪福松,高明博,王林虹,付玮,杨照,胡舒婷,郭军康,海江波,白银萍..基于降水及作物需水的粮烟种植制度优化分析[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(3):469-478,10.基金项目
中国烟草总公司陕西省公司科技项目(KJ-2023-04) （KJ-2023-04）
中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC202305,SCYC202106) （SCYC202305,SCYC202106）
