西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(3)：479-487,9.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.3.005
烟稻复种区上部烟叶一次性采收成熟度及经济与品质效应
Mature characteristics and economic and quality effects of upper tobacco leaves harvested at one time in multi-planting area of tobacco-rice
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to explore the quality and economic effects of six upper flue-cured tobacco leaves harvested simultane-ously at different maturity levels,to provide technical support for developing strategies to enhance the availability of upper tobacco leaves in multi-planting area of tobacco-rice.[Method]Yunyan 87 was used as the material to design three treatments:low maturity(M1),medium maturity(M2)and high maturity(M3).The study investigated the maturation characteristics of fresh tobacco leaves at these different maturi-ty stages,as well as the economic and quality effects of the upper tobacco leaves harvested simultaneously.[Result](ⅰ)The maturity of fresh tobacco was negatively correlated with leaf weight,leaf thickness,weight unit leaf area and starch,but positively correlated with appearance quality index,total sugar,reducing sugar and nicotine.The effect on smoking quality was greater than that on appearance quality,and the effect on physical and chemical characters was greater than that on economic characters.The maturity of fresh tobacco leaves mainly affected the weight of leaf,leaf thickness and starch.(ⅱ)As the maturity of upper tobacco leaves increased,the leaf surface changed from yellow-green to full yellow,and the fluff on the leaves fell off.The sticky feeling of tobacco leaf surface was enhanced,and the leaf vein changed from green to white;The mature spots increased,and the SPAD value of fresh tobacco leaf decreased.(ⅲ)Harvesting at medium maturity(M2)improved the proportion of normal-colored tobacco leaves and the rate of high-quality tobacco leaves,while reducing the proportion of variegat-ed and greenish leaves.Compared to treatments M1 and M3,the proportion of normal-colored tobacco leaves in M2 increased by 13.00 per-centage point and 3.53 percentage point,respectively,and the percentage of high-quality tobacco leaves increased by 14.00 percentage point and 7.29 percentage point,the proportion of variegated leaves decreased by 9.10 percentage point and 2.41 percentage point,respectively,and the proportion of greenish tobacco leaf decreased by 3.91 percentage point and 1.22 percentage point respectively.(ⅳ)with the increase of harvest maturity of upper tobacco leaves,the leaf structure was loose,and the oil content increased;the chromaticity increased,and the leaf became thinner;The weight of single leaf decreased;The sugar content,reducing sugar/total sugar and reducing sugar/nicotine increased and the starch content decreased.(ⅴ)The upper tobacco leaves harvested at medium maturity(M2)had more aroma quantity and medium clarity aroma,but it had a less dryness,the overall performance was coordinated,the upper tobacco leaves harvested at high maturity(M3)had scorched odor slightly,and the diffusiveness decreased slightly;the total score of M2treatment was 1.58％ and 3.20％ higher than that of M1 and M3 treatments,respectively.[Conclusion]To sum up,it is more suitable to harvest at medium maturity for the six upper flued-tobacco leaves of Yunyan 87 in multi-planting area of tobacco-rice in Hunan.The maturity shows that the leaf surface turns yellow 70％-80％,the main vein whitens;The branch vein whitens 2/3,part of the fluff fall off,the leaf tip has mature spots,and the SPAD value is 13.03-24.71.关键词
烤烟上部烟叶/一次性采收成熟度/烟叶品质/经济性状/灰色关联分析Key words
Upper flue-cured tobacco leaves/One-time harvest maturity/Quality of tobacco leaf/Economic character of cured leaves/Grey correlation analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李旭,卿俊翔,旷子扬,邓小华,金江华,蒋宇丽,张守荣,于大鹏,崔日男,秦凌,成勍松,秦李俊..烟稻复种区上部烟叶一次性采收成熟度及经济与品质效应[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(3):479-487,9.基金项目
吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2023-15) （KJXM-2023-15）
