西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(3)：172-181,10.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202503015
"天人智一"与人机共生进化
Harmony of Nature,Humanity,and Intelligence in the Co-Evolution of Humans and Machines
摘要
Abstract
Throughout four industrial revolutions,the human-machine symbiotic relationship has shifted from physical dependency to psychological reliance,transitioning from mere coexistence in reality to the integration of the virtual and the real.However,with the rapid advancement of artificial general intelligence(AGI),autonomous intelligence is deconstructing human subjectivity.Maintaining human subjectivity while sustaining a mutually beneficial symbiosis between humans and machines has become a critical issue that demands urgent exploration.In this context,this paper adopts a temporal perspective on the co-evolution of human-machine,systematically examining its inherent logic,potential directions,and associated risks. Drawing on diverse theoretical perspectives,including ancient Greek philosophy,existentialism,Kantian moral philosophy,and Confucian thought,this study posits that"benefit"serves as the core driving force for the co-evolution of humans and machines.Based on the differences in beneficiary subjects,human-machine symbiosis can be categorized into four types:commensalism,parasitism,mutualism,and antagonistic symbiosis.Commensalism reflects one-sided human gains,parasitism illustrates machine backlash and enhancement,mutualism represents the ideal state of bidirectional gains between humans and machines,and antagonistic symbiosis indicates negative externalities in the evolutionary process.This benefit-based classification framework provides new theoretical support for understanding the mechanisms underlying the evolution of human-machine symbiosis. During the evolution of human-machine symbiosis,the alternation of dominance constitutes a potential singularity.Transitioning from subordinate tools("anthropomorphized")to equivalent entities("co-humans"),then to competitively dependent entities("superhumans")and oppositional heretics("alien humans"),anthropocentrism is progressively undermined.Once machines attain self-awareness,self-benefit may become their primary objective,potentially diminishing human interests and leading to a restructuring or even reversal of master-subordinate relationships. Looking ahead,the concept of harmony of nature,humanity,and intelligence may emerge as a viable pathway for the co-evolution of human-machine.Harmony of nature,humanity,and intelligence emphasizes the harmonious unity of nature,humanity,and technology.This philosophy not only extends the idea of"unity of man and nature",but also systematically reconstructs the relationships among the three elements.Specifically,it ensures deep human involvement in AI applications through process-oriented outcomes;maintains openness to technological innovation while controlling risks through the normalization of anomalies;achieves emotional and spiritual resonance between humans and machines through the synesthetic transformation of different sensations;and guards against technological hegemony in inclusive development by centralizing equal rights. Regardless of how humans and machines co-evolve,how intelligence advances,or whether machines achieve consciousness,humans should always remain the primary entity in the symbiotic relationship.Preserving humanity and the subjectivity of human embodied civilization is essential to counteract the obscuration,control,and confusion of human evolution by machine evolution.This balance is necessary to achieve a dynamic equilibrium that benefits nature,humanity,and intelligence,thereby realizing true human-machine symbiotic evolution. In summary,this paper provides a systematic theoretical interpretation of human-machine symbiosis from an interdisciplinary perspective and innovatively proposes the symbiotic philosophy of harmony of nature,humanity,and intelligence.It expands the theoretical landscape of human-machine relationship studies and offers a theoretical foundation for addressing key issues in artificial intelligence ethics and human-machine alignment.关键词
人机关系/人机共生/通用人工智能/人工智能伦理/天人智一/主体性/具身文明Key words
human-machine relationship/human-machine symbiosis/artificial general intelligence/AI ethics/harmony of nature,humanity,and intelligence/subjectivity/embodied civilization分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
向安玲,沈阳.."天人智一"与人机共生进化[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,45(3):172-181,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72304290). （72304290）
