物探化探计算技术2025，Vol.47Issue(3)：311-339,29.DOI:10.12474/wthtjs.20250414-0012
地震学视角下的结构时变特征监测:方法创新、应用进展与未来方向
Monitoring temporal structural variations from seismological perspectives:methodological innovations,applications,and future directions
摘要
Abstract
The seismological monitoring of temporal changes of subsurface structures provides critical observational constraints for elucidating key geophysical processes,such as fault dynamic evolution,volcanic activity mechanisms,and near-surface multi-physical coupling processes.Its technological advancements are driving a paradigm shift in Earth system science research.Leveraging the large-scale deployment of dense network observational systems and iterative upgrades of advanced data processing algorithms,these systems have integrated synergistic methodologies of active-source excitation and passive-source signal extraction,achieving dynamic monitoring capabilities with spatial resolutions from the kilometer to meter scale and temporal precisions ranging from interannual to minute-scale.Such technological breakthroughs have propelled research into multidisciplinary intersections,enabling not only the quantitative characterization of environmental processes such as underground fluid migration and glacier melt dynamics,but also fostering innovative applications in engineering geology and environmental safety.Representative examples include the monitoring of landslides and subsidence hazards,as well as structural health diagnostics for major infrastructure such as bridges and super-tall buildings.In this article,we systematically explicate the theoretical framework and technological evolution of both active and passive source methodologies,and analyze the underlying physical mechanisms,technological principles,and applicable scenarios of the different approaches.Notably,the review also introduces a series of innovative results achieved by our research team,including the quantitative evaluation of diffuse seismic background noise,comprehensive Green's function retrieval,and the time-dependent monitoring of underground seismic velocity and attenuation characteristics.We further suggest that future technological developments should focus on breakthroughs along four dimensions:developing low-cost and highly repeatable controllable sources to support high-density,long-term monitoring needs;integrating novel sensing networks such as distributed fiber optic acoustic sensors to enhance spatial coverage;developing multi-parameter coupled inversion frameworks that incorporate medium attenuation parameters to strengthen model constraints;extending these approaches to emerging fields such as real-time monitoring of carbon sequestration processes,dynamic tracking of reservoir seepage,and the analysis of dynamic responses in super-tall buildings.关键词
时变监测/地震干涉/自相关/HVSR/重复地震/孔弹效应/冻融过程/波致流效应Key words
temporal change monitoring/seismic interferometry/autocorrelation/HVSR/repeating earthquakes/poroelastic effect/freeze-thaw process/wave-induced flow分类
地球科学引用本文复制引用
刘沛钰,赵亚豪,杨博,孟浩然,周敏,袁蝶,潘香伶,侯郁..地震学视角下的结构时变特征监测:方法创新、应用进展与未来方向[J].物探化探计算技术,2025,47(3):311-339,29.基金项目
地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1003008) （2024ZD1003008）
广东省省级科技计划项目(2024A1111120016) （2024A1111120016）
高水平专项资金(G03050K001) （G03050K001）
深圳市深远海油气勘探技术重点实验室(ZDSYS20190902093007855) （ZDSYS20190902093007855）
