两种盆底功能障碍模型的比较研究OA

Objective To investigate the differences between two rat models of pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD)—the vaginal dis-tension(VD)model and the combined vaginal distension and ovariectomy(VOX)model—in simulating stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and pelvic organ prolapse(POP)symptoms,as well as associated histological changes,and to assess their applicability as re-search tools.Methods Thirty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group(NC,n=7),VD group(n=15),and VOX group(n=15).The VD group underwent vaginal distension to simulate childbirth injury,while the VOX group additionally underwent ovariectomy to simulate sex hormone deficiency.Evaluations included sneeze tests,urodynamic studies,histopathological staining at 2 weeks,4 weeks,and 10 weeks post-surgery and vaginal uniaxial biomechanical testing.Results The positive rates of sneeze test in the VD group and the VOX group were 60％and 66.7％,respectively,both significantly higher than the NC group(P＜0.01),indicating successful induction of SUI symptoms.The abdominal leak point pressure(ALPP)and maximum bladder capacity(MBC)in the VD group significantly decreased at 2 weeks post-surgery but gradually recovered by 4 weeks.In contrast,the VOX group showed significantly lower ALPP and MBC at 2 weeks,4 weeks,and 10 weeks compared to the NC group(P＜0.001),indicating more prolonged SUI symptoms.Both VD and VOX groups exhibited histological damage in the vagina and pubococcygeus muscle at 2 weeks,but the VD group largely recovered by 10 weeks,whereas the VOX group showed more severe and persistent damage.The maximum elongation distance of vagina significantly increased in both VD and VOX groups(P＜0.01),while the VOX group showed significantly reduced maximum tensile strength compared to the NC group(P＜0.05),reflecting pro-nounced biomechanical property changes.Conclusion The VD model is suitable for short-term SUI studies,while the VOX model better mimics long-term SUI and POP progression.Both models have distinct advantages and limitations in simulating PFD;research-ers should select the appropriate model based on specific objectives.