智慧农业（中英文）2025，Vol.7Issue(2)：132-145,14.DOI:10.12133/j.smartag.SA202410031
激光除草机器人关键技术与展望
Key Technologies and Prospects of Laser Weeding Robots
摘要
Abstract
[Significance]Grass damage in farmland seriously restricts the quality and yield of crop planting and production,and pro-motes the occurrence of pests and diseases.Weed control is a necessary measure for high yield and high quality of crops.Currently,there are five main weed control methods:Manual,biological,thermal,mechanical,and chemical weed control.Traditional chemical weed control methods are gradually limited due to soil pollution and ecological balance disruption.Intelligent laser weeding technolo-gy,with the characteristics of environmental protection,high efficiency,flexibility,and automation,as an emerging and promising eco-logical and environmental protection new object control method for field weeds,has become the core direction to replace chemical weeding in recent years.The laser weeding robot is the carrier of laser weeding technology,an important manifestation of the develop-ment of modern agriculture towards intelligence and precision,and has great application and promotion value.[Progress]Laser weed-ing is currently a research hotspot to develop and study key technologies and equipment for smart agriculture,and has achieved a se-ries of significant results,greatly promoting the promotion and application of intelligent laser weeding robots in the field.Laser weed control technology achieves precise weed control through thermal,photochemical,and photodynamic effects.In this article,the re-search background of laser weeding was introduced,its key technologies,operation system and equipment were discussed in details,covering aspects such as operating principles,system architecture,seedling,weed recognition and localization,robot navigation and path planning,as well as actuator control technologies.Then,based on the current research status of laser weeding robots,the existing problems and development trends of intelligent laser weeding robots were prospected.[Conclusion and Prospect]Based on the different field grass conditions in different regions,a large number of indoor and outdoor experiments on laser weed control should be carried out in the future to further verify the technical effectiveness and feasibility of laser field weed control,providing support for the re-search and application of laser weed control equipment technology.Despite facing challenges such as high costs and poor environmen-tal adaptability,with the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things,as well as policy support,laser weeding is expected to become an important support for sustainable agricultural development.关键词
激光除草/技术原理/智能系统/识别定位/执行控制/激光除草机器人Key words
laser weeding/technical principles/intelligent system/identify and locate/execution control/laser weeding robot分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
余忠义,王洪宇,何雄奎,赵磊,王媛媛,孙海..激光除草机器人关键技术与展望[J].智慧农业（中英文）,2025,7(2):132-145,14.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-28) （CARS-28）
中国农业大学2115人才培育发展支持计划项目(2115-89052) （2115-89052）
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700903) （2017YFD0700903）
国家自然科学基金(31761133019) The Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-28) （31761133019）
The 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(2115-89052) （2115-89052）
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0700903) （2017YFD0700903）
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31761133019) （31761133019）
