电力科技与环保2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：426-436,11.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.03.008
极端条件下电化学储能材料及器件关键问题及应用挑战
Key issues and application challenges of electrochemical energy storage materials and devices under extreme conditions
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Under the background of the transformation of energy structure to decarbonisation,electrochemical energy storage technology has become a key support to promote the large-scale application of renewable energy by virtue of its high energy conversion efficiency.However,the performance degradation of energy storage devices in extreme environments has significantly limited their practical application potential.In order to systematically study the key impact mechanisms of extreme environments on electrochemical energy storage materials and devices,we propose targeted optimisation strategies to enhance the adaptability of energy storage devices to extreme environments.[Methods]This paper systematically investigates the key influence mechanisms of extreme environments on electrochemical energy storage materials and devices,and focuses on four optimisation strategies by analysing the mechanism of four types of extreme environments:low-temperature electrolyte modification,high-temperature-resistant electrode material development,biomimetic interfacial buffer structure construction,and salt corrosion-resistant material research and development.[Results]The modification strategy significantly improves the adaptability of energy storage devices to extreme environments:1)low-temperature electrolyte modification,based on deep eutectic solvent and high concentration of lithium salt electrolyte,achieving ionic conductivity of 4.8 mS/cm at-50℃,with a cycling efficiency of 92%;2)development of high-temperature-resistant materials,the NASICON-type composite cathode has a capacity retention rate of 91.3%after cycling for 500 times at 80℃.(3)interface engineering optimization,bionic gradient buffer layer design makes the electrode under 15 MPa mechanical stress interface delamination rate reduced by 67%,the cycle life is extended by 3 times;(4)anti-salt corrosion materials,hydrophobic two-dimensional new material(MXene)/polymer composite coatings in the high-salinity environment will be the corrosion rate suppressed to 0.02 mm/a,the electrochemical efficiency of the attenuation rate decreased by 58%.[Conclusion]Future research should focus on key materials such as zero-strain alloy electrodes and biomimetic ion-channel electrolytes,and build a multi-scale failure analysis model and standard evaluation system.Through interdisciplinary integration,electrochemical energy storage technology will be promoted from the laboratory to the extreme environments such as deep sea and deep space for large-scale application,supporting the global energy transition.关键词
电化学储能/极端条件/界面失效/材料设计/电化学效率Key words
electrochemical energy storage/extreme conditions/interfacial failure/material design/electrochemical efficiency分类
能源与动力引用本文复制引用
李勃森,胡锦桥,喻斌恺,黎晔,王卉,张胜利,陈明哲..极端条件下电化学储能材料及器件关键问题及应用挑战[J].电力科技与环保,2025,41(3):426-436,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52202254) （52202254）
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20220966) （BK20220966）
江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK20243016) （BK20243016）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(30922010708) （30922010708）
