电力科技与环保2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：453-466,14.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.03.010
废旧磷酸铁锂电池的回收利用技术研究进展
Research progress on recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate battery
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries not only extracts valuable metals and reduces resource waste but also alleviates dependence on imported lithium resources,promoting industrial transformation and technological advancement.However,in the face of the explosive growth of waste lithium electronic batteries,how to recycle waste lithium iron phosphate batteries more efficiently has become a crucial issue,necessitating more in-depth research on recycling mechanisms and technologies.[Methods]In this paper,the latest research progress in the recycling of cathode materials for waste lithium iron phosphate batteries is systematically reviewed and summarized.The principle,advantages and disadvantages and application prospects of pretreatment technology(discharge,crushing and separation)and valuable metal recovery technology(pyrometallurgy,wet process,electrochemistry and mechanochemistry)of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries are analyzed.The solid phase and liquid phase process characteristics of in-situ regeneration of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials are analyzed,and the problems and challenges of the process are discussed.[Results]Existing research shows that for the recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries,various methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.In the recycling process,pyrometallurgy is simple to operate but has high energy consumption;hydrometallurgy has high recovery efficiency but consumes a lot of reagents;electrochemical methods are environmentally friendly and efficient but have high equipment costs;mechanochemical methods are relatively simple to operate but require high equipment performance.In addition,in-situ regeneration technology can directly restore the electrochemical performance of waste battery materials,but there are still certain challenges in cost control and process efficiency.The combination of different pretreatment technologies and recovery processes further increases costs,efficiency,and technical complexity.[Conclusion]Therefore,to achieve efficient,low-cost,and environmentally friendly recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries,it is necessary to optimize existing processes or develop new green,low-cost processes to improve the recovery rate of valuable metals and the performance of regenerated materials.Additionally,promoting the scaling and industrial application of recycling technologies,as well as formulating and improving relevant policies and regulations,are also urgent issues to be addressed.This paper summarizes the latest progress in recycling technology,providing a reference for the sustainable development of the battery industry.关键词
废旧磷酸铁锂电池/预处理技术/回收技术/有价金属回收/原位再生工艺Key words
spent lithium iron phosphate batteries/pretreatment technology/recycling technologies/valuable metal recovery/in-situ regeneration process分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
曹查理,曾凡乐,杨浩,王雪莹,刘朝孟,高宣雯..废旧磷酸铁锂电池的回收利用技术研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2025,41(3):453-466,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52272194) （52272194）
