电力科技与环保2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：467-476,10.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2025.03.011
Ru基催化剂在锂-杂质空气电池的应用及展望
Application and perspectives of Ru-based catalysts in Lithium-Air impurity batteries
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In order to improve the cycle stability and environmental adaptability of lithium-impurity air batteries,the application progress of Ru-based catalysts in lithium-impurity air batteries(Li-CO2,Li-N2,Li-SO2)was systematically summarized.[Methods]By analyzing the reaction mechanisms of Li-CO2,Li-N2,and Li-SO2 batteries,the design strategies of Ru-based catalysts were systematically reviewed,including the synthesis of Ru nanoparticles,alloys,and single-atom catalysts via solvothermal,photo-deposition,and atomic dispersion techniques.Their performance and reaction pathways were evaluated using in-situ characterization and DFT calculations.[Results]Results demonstrate that Ru-based catalysts significantly reduce charging overpotential and enhance reversible decomposition of byproducts.For instance,Ru nanoparticle-decorated graphene in Li-CO2 batteries achieved a high discharge capacity of 8,229 mAh/g with a low charging voltage of 3.8 V.RuCu alloy catalysts reduced the overpotential to 0.98 V and extended cycle life to 180 cycles.Single-atom Ru catalysts optimized electron structure and accelerated CO2 reduction/evolution kinetics.Additionally,Ru-based catalysts exhibited potential in nitrogen fixation for Li-N2 batteries and suppressed byproduct accumulation in Li-SO2 batteries.[Conclusion]Ru-based catalysts effectively address performance degradation in lithium-air batteries by regulating electronic structure and interfacial reaction pathways.However,challenges such as high cost and resource scarcity require further strategies like alloying,single-atom engineering,and carrier optimization.Future research should focus on elucidating reaction mechanisms in Li-N2 and Li-SO2 systems and designing cost-effective,stable catalysts to advance the practical application of lithium-air batteries in real air environments.关键词
锂-空气电池/锂-二氧化碳电池/锂-氮气电池/正极/钌基催化剂Key words
Li-air battery/Li-CO2 battery/Li-N2 battery/cathode/Ru-based catalyst分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
陈浮,梁华根,王圣..Ru基催化剂在锂-杂质空气电池的应用及展望[J].电力科技与环保,2025,41(3):467-476,10.基金项目
低碳智能燃煤发电与超净排放全国重点实验室开放课题项目(D2023FK081) （D2023FK081）
