河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(5)：31-40,10.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.05.004
秸秆还田条件下穗分化期水分调控对水稻叶片光合特性和产量的影响
Effects of Water Regulation during Panicle Initiation Stage on Photosynthetic Characters and Yield of Rice under Straw Returning
摘要
Abstract
The treatment without straw returning(A1)and treatment with straw returning(A2)were set up,and the effects of water regulation[mild water control(WP1,Ψsoil=0 kPa),moderate water control(WP2,Ψsoil=-15 kPa),medium-to-severe water control(WP3,Ψsoil=-30 kPa),severe water control(WP4,Ψsoil=-45 kPa),conventional flooding(CK)]during panicle initiation stage on photosynthetic characters[leaf SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)],antioxidant properties[superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content],yield and its components(number of spikes per hole,thousand-grain weight,number of primary branches,number of grains from primary branches,number of secondary branches and number of grains from secondary branches)were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for water management during panicle initiation stage under straw returning condition.The results showed that,the SPAD value,Gs and Tr of A2 treatment were higher than those of A1 treatment under WP1 condition,and the MDA content was lower than that of A1 treatment.The 1 000-grain weight,number of grains from primary branches,number of secondary branches,number of grains from secondary branches and yield of A2 treatment were higher than those of A1 treatment under WP1 and WP2 conditions.Under A1 condition,the SPAD value,Pn,Gs,Tr,CAT activity,SOD activity,yield and its components generally decreased with the decrease of soil water potential;Under A2 condition,the SPAD value,Pn,Gs,Tr,SOD activity,number of panicles per hole,1 000-grain weight,number of secondary branches,the number of grains from secondary branches and yield of WP1 treatment were the highest,and the overall order was WP1>WP2>CK>WP3>WP4.The photosynthetic capacity,antioxidant capacity,yield and its components of A2WP1 treatment were generally the highest,followed by A1CK,A2WP2 treatments.In summary,when the soil water potential was 0 kPa and-15 kPa,returning straw can enhance the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant capacity of rice leaves,effectively alleviate the adverse effects of water stress on rice leaves,and increase the yield by increasing thousand-grain weight,number of secondary branches and number of grains from secondary branches,and the A2WP1 treatment is the best.关键词
水稻/秸秆还田/穗分化期/水分调控/光合特性/产量Key words
Rice/Straw returning/Spike differentiation stage/Water regulation/Photosynthetic characters/Yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
柏程瀚,林喆,侯林含,朴锦,侯立刚,吉林爽,王斯文,刘亮,马巍,刘晓亮,杨永志,孙一楠,郭万卿..秸秆还田条件下穗分化期水分调控对水稻叶片光合特性和产量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(5):31-40,10.基金项目
吉林省农产品绿色生产科技工程重大科技专项(20230302007NC) （20230302007NC）
