河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(5)：78-86,9.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.05.009
不同助剂对烟田除草剂杂草防效、烟草生长及经济性状的影响
Effects of Different Adjuvants on Weed Control Efficiency of Herbicides,Growth and Economic Traits of Tobacco
摘要
Abstract
In order to clarify the synergistic effects of different adjuvants on herbicides to control weeds,three adjuvants of vegetable oil,organic silicon and inorganic salt were selected and compounded with soybean post-emergence herbicides(250 g/L fomesafen+20％quizalofop-P-ethyl)with the dosage reduced by 20％,30％and 40％,respectively,and the experiment was carried out in the tobacco field of Jiaohe City,Jilin Province.The results showed that the performance of the three adjuvants in the synergistic reduction of herbicides was vegetable oil adjuvant>silicone adjuvant>inorganic salt adjuvant.The best control effect on weeds in tobacco field was obtained by the combination of plant oil adjuvant and herbicide reduction of 20％.The fresh weight control effects on gramineous weeds,broad-leaved weeds and total grass were the highest,reaching 97.14％,93.93％and 95.00％,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of conventional herbicide treatment(CK1),with increases of 15.57,10.42 and 12.49 percentage points,respectively.At 45 days after transplanting,the plant height,leaf length and leaf width of tobacco plants treated with 20％herbicide reduction combined with vegetable oil adjuvant and silicone adjuvant were significantly higher than those of artificial weeding treatment(CK2)and water treatment(CK3).The incidence of phytotoxicity in tobacco plants decreased by 1.83-3.37 percentage points after 20％—30％reduction of herbicide combined with vegetable oil adjuvant,and the photosynthetic efficiency of lower leaves was improved.Among the treatments,the yield,average price and output value of the treatment with 20％herbicide reduction and vegetable oil adjuvant were the highest,and the output value increased by 3.82％,18.53％and 16.41％respectively compared with CK1,CK2 and CK3.Therefore,through the reasonable selection and ratio of adjuvants,the output value of tobacco can be ensured while the herbicide is reduced,which is of far-reaching significance for reducing the environmental load of chemical pesticides and maintaining ecological balance.关键词
烟草/除草剂/杂草防效/助剂/增效减量Key words
Tobacco/Herbicide/Weed control efficiency/Adjuvant/Efficiency increase and quantity decrease分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李玺鹏,王静,孔金玲,钟慧,符云鹏,姚鹏伟,付全善,侯振武,付博,刘友杰..不同助剂对烟田除草剂杂草防效、烟草生长及经济性状的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(5):78-86,9.基金项目
吉林省蛟河市烟叶有限公司科技项目(2021001) （2021001）
吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2024-08) （KJXM-2024-08）
