核农学报2025，Vol.39Issue(7)：1406-1417,12.DOI:10.11869/j.issn.1000-8551.2025.07.1406
2002-2023年黄河流域国家审定中熟常规棉品种性状演变分析
Analysis of Character Evolution of Mid-Mature Conventional Cotton Varieties Approved by the State in the Yellow River Basin from 2002 to 2023
摘要
Abstract
To systematically understand the comprehensive characteristics of nationally approved mid-mature conventional cotton varieties in the cotton areas of the Yellow River Basin over 10 consecutive years,the characters,genetic variations,change trends,and trait associations were analyzed based on the data of the national regional trials from 1999 to 2021.The results showed that a total of 76 mid-mature conventional cotton varieties were officially released in the Yellow River Basin from 2002 to 2023.The primary breeding entities were scientific research institutes and universities,and the dominant breeding method was hybrid breeding.And the geographical distribution of the approved varieties mainly in Hebei,Shandong,and Henan.The phenotype was mainly characterized by loose plant type,medium-sized leaves,and oval boll.The varieties with high resistance,resistance,and tolerance to Fusarium wilt each accounted for 1/3,and the proportion of varieties tolerant to Verticillium wilt was 86.84％.The Fusarium wilt index had the largest coefficient of variation(70.50％),followed by the Verticillium wilt index,while the coefficients of variation for other traits were all below 20％.With the years increased,the growth period of cultivated varieties showed linear shortening.The percentage of seed-cotton before frost,boll weight,lint yield,and breaking tenacity all presented a linear increasing trend.The plant height exhibited a parabolic trend of first increasing and then slowly decreasing.Number of bolls per plant and micronaire displayed a wavy trend of first decreasing,then increasing,and again decreasing.The first fruiting branches node,the Fusarium wilt index,and the Verticillium wilt index all showed a trend of first decreasing,then increasing,and then slowly decreasing.Lint yield had significant negative correlation with the growth period,the first fruiting branches node,and the Fusarium wilt index,highly significant positive correlation with plant height,number of bolls per plant,boll weight,lint percentage,seed index,percentage of seed-cotton before frost,breaking tenacity,and micronaire.There was no synergistic improvement among three fiber qualities,or between yield and fiber quality.Number of bolls per plant,boll weight,lint percentage,percentage of seed-cotton before frost,seed index,and growth period explained 79.29％of yield variation.Lint percentage was the most important factor affecting yield,followed by number of bolls per plant.In conclusion,excellent varieties should be utilized as excellent germplasm resources in cotton breeding to improve lint percentage,number of bolls per plant and disease resistance,and reduce micronaire,then synergistically improve yield and quality.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of cotton varieties in the Yellow River Basin.关键词
国家区域试验/黄河流域棉区/中熟常规棉品种/遗传变异/性状演变Key words
national regional trials/cotton area of the Yellow River Basin/mid-mature conventional cotton varieties/genetic variation/character evolution引用本文复制引用
董灵艳,赵文超,齐洪鑫,王汝明,张爱民,李凤瑞,张东楼,史加亮..2002-2023年黄河流域国家审定中熟常规棉品种性状演变分析[J].核农学报,2025,39(7):1406-1417,12.基金项目
山东省农业良种工程(2023LZGC007),山东省现代农业产业技术体系棉花创新团队(SDAIT-03-05) （2023LZGC007）
