空间科学学报2025，Vol.45Issue(2)：477-492,16.DOI:10.11728/cjss2025.02.2024-0155
微流控芯片在空间生命科学中的应用
Applications of Microfluidic Chips in Space Life Sciences
摘要
Abstract
Microfluidic chip,also known as Lab-on-a-Chip(LOC),represent a cutting-edge technology that enables the precise manipulation of small volumes of liquid at the microscale.In recent years,this innovative technology has garnered significant attention for its potential to revolutionize life science re-search in vitro.Particularly in the fields of drug screening and in vitro diagnostics,microfluidic chips of-fer remarkable advantages,including high throughput and high sensitivity,allowing for the rapid and ac-curate analysis of large numbers of samples.Moreover,these chips can be engineered to simulate the complex microstructures,microenvironments,and physiological functions of specific human organs,pro-viding researchers with a powerful tool to study biological processes in a controlled and highly specific manner.Characterized by their compact size,minimal sample consumption,short analysis times,and low power requirements,microfluidic chips are especially well-suited for space science experiments,where resources are often limited and environmental conditions are highly complex.In space research,animal models may exhibit significant individual differences,and single-cell models often fail to accurately simu-late the complex in vivo environment.Microfluidic chips effectively address these limitations by offering a more controlled and representative experimental platform.They can simulate the physiological condi-tions of human organs with greater accuracy and reliability compared to traditional models,making them an invaluable tool for space life science research.This article provides an overview of the develop-ment history,fabrication technology,and fluid loading methods of microfluidic chips.It traces the evolu-tion from early concepts to today's complex devices,discusses various fabrication techniques with their respective advantages and application scenarios,and explores loading techniques that ensure precise flu-id control within the chip.Beyond these,the article also highlights the application of microfluidic chips in both terrestrial and space life sciences.From the aspects of drug screening,in vitro diagnostics,and organ-on-a-chip,it focused on how chips can advance life science research.In the context of space re-search,the article discusses how chips can be utilized to study the effects of microgravity on cell behavior,tissue development,and other biological phenomena.It provides a comprehensive reference for the broad-er application of microfluidic chips in space life science research.关键词
微流控芯片/空间生命科学/药物筛选/器官芯片/体外诊断/微重力Key words
Microfluidic chips/Space life sciences/Drug screening/Organ-on-a-Chip/In vitro分类
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魏栋苹,孙联文,杨肖..微流控芯片在空间生命科学中的应用[J].空间科学学报,2025,45(2):477-492,16.基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(JKF-20240586,JKF-20240765)和载人空间站工程空间科学与应用项目(KJZ-YY-NSM0504)共同资助 （JKF-20240586,JKF-20240765）
