林业工程学报2025，Vol.10Issue(3)：46-53,8.DOI:10.13360/j.issn.2096-1359.202404036
高碘酸钠氧化制备醛基化巴沙木气凝胶的物理性能表征
Characterization of aldolized Balsa wood aerogel oxidized by sodium periodate
摘要
Abstract
As a natural polymer biomass material with a multi-scale hierarchical porous structure,wood holds significant potential for the development and application of aerogels,enabling the high-value-utilization of this resource.In this study,a novel aldolized wood aerogel was prepared using Basha wood.The process involved selective oxidation of the hydroxyl groups at the C2 and C3 positions of the cellulose molecular chain into aldehyde groups.This was achieved through delignification followed oxidation with sodium periodate,effectively disrupting the hydrogen bonding between the fibers.By adjusting the mass ratio of sodium periodate to wood(1∶1-4∶1),aldolized wood aerogels were manufactured at 60℃for 4 h under dark conditions,and their microstructure,chemical composition and physical properties were respectively characterized.The results revealed that the aldolized wood aerogel(ANWA-3)prepared when the mass ratio of sodium periodate to wood was 3∶1,which had rich nanopore structure and high aldehyde content,and displayed excellent mechanical properties,suggesting excellent comprehensive performance.Specifically,the density of ANWA-3 was 0.050 g/cm3,which was only 22.0%of natural wood.Meanwhile,the specific surface area of ANWA-3 reached 36.6 m2/g,and its aldehyde content reached 1.63 mmol/g.Microscopic observation confirmed the formation of abundant nanopore structures in the ANWA-3 cell wall,and the thickness of the cell wall was significantly reduced.There was also obvious shrinkage in the radial and chordal directions.Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)testing results showed that a clear aldehyde characteristic peak at 1 735 cm-1,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the C3 peak area of ANWA-3 was as high as 49.0%,confirming that the hydroxyl groups in the wood cellulose molecular chain were successfully oxidized into aldehyde groups.Although the crystallinity of ANWA-3 decreased to 48.0%due to the increase of oxidation,the intact cellulose Ⅰcrystal form structure was still maintained.Meanwhile,the aldehyde groups generated by oxidation and hydroxyl groups resulted in a more stable and compact semi-acetal structure,which played a certain role in enhancing the mechanical strength of the aerogel.Therefore,the compressive strength of ANWA-3 can still reach 7.6 MPa.In this study,the wood aerogels prepared by combining delignification and sodium periodate oxidation exhibited not only high aldehyde group content,but also superior specific surface area and a rich nanopore structure.Furthermore,they maintained excellent mechanical strength,offering a new approach for the preparation of functional wood aerogels and expanding their potential applications.关键词
木材气凝胶/高碘酸钠/醛基化/比表面积/压缩强度/巴沙木Key words
wood aerogel/sodium periodate/aldehydes/specific surface area/compressive strength/Balsa wood分类
化学工程引用本文复制引用
季秋琳,韦柏任,梁爽,王凯印,朱鸿飞,秦永胜,王瑞,何文..高碘酸钠氧化制备醛基化巴沙木气凝胶的物理性能表征[J].林业工程学报,2025,10(3):46-53,8.基金项目
2023 年湖南省郴州国家可持续发展专项(2023sfq54). （2023sfq54）
