小型空间反应堆屏蔽结构设计与优化OA北大核心

This study addresses the radiation shielding challenges in space nuclear power systems and pro-poses a series of optimized design strategies.By analyzing the basic principles of radiation interaction with mat-ter,the shielding requirements for neutrons and gamma rays are clarified,and suitable shielding materials such as lithium hydride,boron carbide,tungsten,and stainless steel are selected to maximize shielding effec-tiveness.Monte Carlo methods were employed for shielding calculations,with computational acceleration achieved via fixed-source modeling,function expansion,and weight window techniques.By integrating im-proved neural networks and multi-objective optimization algorithms,the speed and accuracy of shielding cal-culations are significantly improved.The NSGA2 DE algorithm was used for multi-objective optimization analysis,which helps determine the optimal positioning,height,and layer count of the shielding within the space reactor.Three different shielding design schemes were selected through a decision-making system,opti-mizing shielding mass and thickness while meeting radiation protection requirements.The results demonstrate the effectiveness of these four materials in space reactor shielding applications,showing that reasonable selec-tion and optimization of shielding structures can significantly reduce the mass and volume while maintaining radiation protection performance,meeting the stringent demands of space-based implementations.