水科学进展2025，Vol.36Issue(2)：177-189,13.DOI:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2025.02.001
再论新安江模型蓄水容量的物理意义
Re-discussion on the physical meaning of the tension water storage capacity in the Xin'anjiang model:from soil physical hydrology to ecosystem hydrology
摘要
Abstract
The Xin'anjiang model has been widely applied in watershed rainfall-runoff simulation and hydrological forecasting,with significant international influence.In the model,the soil tension water storage capacity is the core parameter for runoff generation calculation,theoretically defined as the water retained by the soil between field capacity and wilting point.However,both hydrological research and practical applications have demonstrated that this theoretical physical interpretation is not strictly accurate.With the recent availability of massive global hydrological datasets and the deepening understanding of multi-scale hydrological mechanisms-especially advances in eco-hydrology-it is now possible to refine the concept and physical explanation of tension water storage capacity.Through theoretical analysis and validation with independent data sources,this study argues that soil tension water storage capacity should be redefined as the root zone storage capacity of terrestrial ecosystems.Clarifying this concept is of great theoretical significance for hydrology and provides a foundation for methodological innovations in determining this core parameter.Traditionally,root zone storage capacity is determined through parameter calibration based on watershed rainfall-runoff data,which is severely constrained in data-scarce regions.This study proposes a novel approach to infer ecosystem root zone storage capacity through surface fluxes:at the landscape scale,it can be retrieved from terrestrial ecosystem flux observations,while at larger scales-even globally-it can be accurately calculated using atmospheric-land surface reanalysis datasets or remotely sensed evaporation data.Numerous studies have shown that the root zone storage capacity obtained through this new approach significantly enhances the accuracy of watershed runoff simulations,with particularly notable improvements in ungauged basins regions.The shift in perspective from soil physical hydrology to ecosystem hydrology helps clarify the fundamental runoff generation mechanisms in watersheds and reveals the physical meaning of empirical parameters in conceptual hydrological models,thereby advancing the theoretical development of watershed hydrological simulations.关键词
新安江模型/流域水文模拟/生态水文/土壤物理水文/张力水蓄水容量/根区蓄水容量Key words
Xin'anjiang model/watershed hydrological simulation/ecohydrology/soil hydrology/tension water storage capacity/root zone storage capacity分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
高红凯,刘金涛,张珂,邵伟,夏军..再论新安江模型蓄水容量的物理意义[J].水科学进展,2025,36(2):177-189,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFE0113200) （2024YFE0113200）
国家自然科学基金项目(42471040) The study is financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFE0113200)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42471040). （42471040）
