摘要
Abstract
This review explores the mechanisms,personalized treatment strategies,and clinical progress of molecular targeted drugs,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),and antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs).Molecular targeted drugs inhibit tumor growth by targeting specific tumor markers,such as gefitinib and erlotinib,which are effective in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However,exon 20 insertion mutations lead to resistance.ICIs activate the immune system to attack tumors by alleviating immune suppression,but patient responses vary.Biomarkers like programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)expression are needed to select suitable patients.In recent years,ICIs have achieved significant results in melanoma,NSCLC,and renal cancer treatment,but the safety and efficacy of combination therapies still require further research.ADCs combine the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the advantages of cytotoxic drugs,releasing drugs upon recognizing tumor antigens thereby exerting the therapeutic effects.Although many advancements in ADCs were presented at the 2024 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting,tumor resistance and off-target toxicity remain obstacles to their clinical application.Overall,novel antineoplastic agents show great potential but face challenges such as resistance,cost,and immune-related adverse reactions.Future research may focus on tumor microenvironment and immune cell interactions,precise drug delivery systems,and synergistic strategies involving traditional Chinese medicine and targeted immunotherapy to overcome resistance and enhance therapeutic efficacy.关键词
抗肿瘤药物/个体化治疗/分子靶向药物/免疫检查点抑制剂/抗体偶联药物Key words
antineoplastic agents/personalized treatment/molecular targeted drug/immune checkpoint inhibitor/antibody-drug conjugate分类
医药卫生
