中国水产科学2025，Vol.32Issue(3)：387-395,9.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2024-0329
禁捕初期鄱阳湖刀鲚出入湖时序特征及环境影响因子
Temporal characteristics and environmental impact factors of Coilia nasus migration into and out of the Poyang Lake during the early period of the fishing ban
摘要
Abstract
To research the timing of the breeding population and juveniles of Coilia nasus into or out of the Poyang Lake in the early period of the fishing ban,support the conservation of the resources and identification of the habitat of Coilia nasus in Poyang Lake,a fixed station was set up in the Hukou region during its fishing season from April to October in 2023.The resource dynamics of the breeding population in the lake and juveniles out of the lake were tracked and monitored.Both the timing and the environmental impact factors were then analyzed.In terms of the breeding population in the lake,the range of quantity caught per unit from April to July was 19～971 ind./(1000 m2·h),with an average of(294±201)ind./(1000 m2·h).Correspondingly,the range of weight caught per unit was 0.83～84.25 kg/(1000 m2·h),with an average of(25.92±18.10)kg/(1000 m2·h).The range of body length was 150.6～382.1 mm,with an average of(298.2±29.1)mm.The range of body weight was 10.6～238.1 g,with an average of(89.9±29.8)g.The ratio of male to female was 2.2∶1,and the proportion of gonadal development from Stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ was in the order of 0.09％,46.01％,38.00％,13.84％,and 2.06％.The results showed that May was the peak period for the breeding population moving into the lake.The mean values of quantity and weight caught per unit were(514±168)ind./(1000 m2·h)and(47.04±16.08)kg/(1000 m2·h),respectively.These were significantly higher than those of other months(P＜0.01).The body length and body weight decreased significantly along with the migration during the fishing season(P＜0.01).The maximum of the average body length occurred in May(301.5±26.4)mm,and the minimum was recorded in July(292.2±30.6)mm.For body weight,the maximum and minimum were in April(98.5±34.0)g and July(82.0±25.2)g,respectively.In the same period,the proportion of females continued to increase,and males decreased.For gonadal development,the proportion of individuals for Stage Ⅱ decreased from 81.14％in April to 22.22％in July and increased from 18.77％in April to 77.78％in July for Stage Ⅲ.In terms of the population moving out of the lake,the range of quantity caught per unit was 11～8571 ind./(1000 m2·h)from July to October,with an average of(1316±1908)ind./(1000 m2·h).Timing showed that the peak period was in July and September,and the mean value of quantity caught per unit in July was(2845±2940)ind./(1000 m2·h),followed by September(1769±1862)ind./(1000 m2·h)).Meanwhile,the minimum of the average quantity caught per unit was(285±327)ind./(1000 m2·h)in October.Environmental factors analysis showed that the quantity caught per unit for the juvenile population out of Poyang Lake was consistent with the trend of water level difference.The results show that the fishing season of Coilia nasus in Poyang Lake was advanced,and the duration was prolonged.Furthermore,the miniaturization of the population improved,and the resource recovery was substantial.关键词
刀鲚/幼鱼/时序特征/资源现状/环境因子Key words
Coilia nasus/juveniles/temporal characteristics/stock status/environmental factors分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨彦平,王生,轩中亚,马凤娇,彭乐根,文嗣鑫,沈迎东,刘凯..禁捕初期鄱阳湖刀鲚出入湖时序特征及环境影响因子[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(3):387-395,9.基金项目
江西省重点水域长颌鲚重要栖息地调查项目(NY2022-C0901) （NY2022-C0901）
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2024XT1003,2023TD11). （2024XT1003,2023TD11）
