贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(5)：32-41,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.05.005
化肥减施对白叶一号新梢养分吸收、光合生理及经济效益的影响
Effects of Reduced Fertilizer Application on Nutrient Absorption,Photosynthetic Physiology,and Economic Benefits of'Baiye No.1'New Shoots
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of fertilizer reduction on nutrient uptake,photosynthetic physiology and economic benefits of new shoots in Baiye No.1 tea plants were studied to provide reference for reducing the application of chemical fertilizers and increasing the efficiency of high-fertility tea gardens.[Method]Using Baiye No.1 as the test material,an incomplete"3414"experimental design was adopted,with conventional fertilization as the control.Changes in soil available nutrients,shoot nutrients,photosynthetic physiology,tea yield and economic benefits were measured and analyzed under different nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilization ratios.[Result]The contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the tea garden soil increased with the increasing application of N,P,and K fertilizers.However,the plots with no fertilization(N0P0K0)showed higher levels of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium compared to those without N fertilizer(N0P2K2),without P fertilizer(N2P0K2)or without K fertilizer(N2P2K0).The alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in N0P0K0 and N0P2K2 soils decreased from 185.0 g/kg to 132.5 g/kg and 107.5 g/kg,respectively,indicating that even after two years without N application,the soil remained rich in alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen.Similarly,available phosphorus and potassium levels decreased but remained within the range suitable for high-yield tea gardens.The NPK content in new shoots was significantly influenced by fertilization formulas.The highest total nitrogen content was observed in N1P2K2,which was 7.84％and 0.36％higher than N0P0K0 and conventional fertilization,respectively.The highest total phosphorus content was in N2P2K2,5.09％and 2.89％higher than N0P0K0 and conventional fertilization,respectively.The highest total potassium content was in N0P2K2,3.01％and 0.76％higher than N0P0K0 and conventional fertilization,respectively,with a significant difference compared to N0P0K0.Moderate N application increased chlorophyll content in new shoots,with the highest levels observed at the N2 rate.Increased P application enhanced photosynthetic capacity,with the best overall performance at the N2P3K2 level.Among all treatments,N2P2K0 yielded the highest net income,reaching 324 000 yuan/hm2.[Conclusion]For high-fertility tea gardens,N2P2K0(165 kg/hm2,75 kg/hm2,0 kg/hm2)is the optimal fertilization treatment,reducing total nutrient input by 41％compared to conventional fertilization while maintaining favorable growth and economic benefits for Baiye No.1,demonstrating the potential for reduced fertilizer use with increased efficiency.关键词
高肥力茶园/白叶一号/化肥减施/养分吸收/光合生理/经济效益Key words
high-fertility tea garden/Baiye No.1/chemical fertilizer reduction/nutrient absorption/photo-biological characters/economic benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
曾廷廷,席亚楠,王静,张小琴,谭璨灿,代文典,宋绍光,王家伦..化肥减施对白叶一号新梢养分吸收、光合生理及经济效益的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(5):32-41,10.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目"贵州外引白化茶树控肥抑花果栽培技术研究与示范"(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y006号),"茶叶专用有机-无机复混肥大配方研发"(黔科合支撑[2023]一般086号) （黔科合支撑[2020]1Y006号）
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-19) （CARS-19）
贵州省茶叶产业技术体系(GZCYCYJSTX-03) （GZCYCYJSTX-03）
