实用医学杂志2025，Vol.41Issue(11)：1760-1766,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.11.022
过敏原特异性免疫治疗的研究进展
Research advances in allergen-specific immunotherapy
摘要
Abstract
Allergic diseases represent a significant global health challenge,and allergen-specific immuno-therapy(AIT),as a first-line treatment,is the only therapeutic approach capable of altering the natural course of these diseases.This article provides a systematic review of the major advancements in AIT over recent years,encompassing novel routes of administration,the integration of biologics and adjuvants,advancements in allergen preparation,strategies for adverse reaction prevention and management,and efficacy evaluation methods.Among the new routes of administration,intratympanic,intratonsillar,epicutaneous,and intranasal immunotherapies have demonstrated safety,efficacy,and enhanced patient adherence.Biologics such as omalizumab,dupilumab,and Tezepelumab,each with distinct anti-allergic mechanisms,reduce adverse reactions and optimize outcomes when combined with AIT.The use of adjuvants represents another strategy to enhance AIT efficacy;agents like β-glucans,mannan,CpG oligodeoxynucleotides(CpG-ODN),liposomes,and nanoparticles stimulate immune responses,promote immune tolerance,and improve the therapeutic effects of AIT.Recombinant allergens,pro-duced through genetic engineering,offer high purity and consistency,providing more reliable and reproducible therapeutic results for AIT.In summary,this review highlights the latest developments in various approaches aimed at enhancing AIT efficacy,offering new insights into the treatment of allergic diseases.关键词
过敏原特异性免疫治疗/佐剂/单克隆抗体/重组过敏原Key words
allergen-specific immunotherapy/adjuvants/monoclonal antibody/recombinant aller-gens分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
胡泽功,白燕..过敏原特异性免疫治疗的研究进展[J].实用医学杂志,2025,41(11):1760-1766,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82070023) （编号:82070023）
