中国农业科技导报2025，Vol.27Issue(6)：184-194,11.DOI:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0906
典型草原矿区排土场边坡不同治理模式的径流产沙特征
Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield of Different Treatment Modes of Dump Slope in Typical Grassland Mining Area
摘要
Abstract
In order to analysis the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield under different management modes of dump slope in typical grassland mining area,the Hesigewulanan open-pit coal mine in Xilinguole League was taken as the research object.6 treatments were set up,including mixed grass(HC),mixed grass+shrub(HCG),mixed grass+diamond grid land preparation(HCS),mixed grass+pin-shaped land preparation(HCP),mixed grass+strip land preparation(HCH)and bare slope(CK).The K-means clustering method was used to divide the rainfall types in the study area.Combined with the runoff and sediment yield data of 15 natural rainfalls in runoff plots from 2021 to 2023,the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield under different management modes and their response to rainfall were analyzed.The results showed that,taking rainfall duration,rainfall and rainfall intensity as characteristic indexes,erosive rainfall could be divided into 3 types of rain,rain type Ⅰ showed short rainfall duration,small rainfall,heavy rainfall intensity,rain type Ⅱ showed medium rainfall duration,medium rainfall,medium rainfall intensity,rain type Ⅲ showed long rainfall duration,large rainfall,small rainfall intensity.There was no uniform rule for the cumulative runoff of various types of control measures with the change of rainfall type.Among them,HC had the least runoff in rain type I with 36.15 L,and HCS had the least runoff in rain type Ⅱ andⅢ with 36.14 and 23.15 L,respectively.Under single vegetation measure,the runoff and sediment yield of HC treatment were significantly less than those of HCG treatment,and under composite modes,the runoff and sediment yield of HCS treatment were significantly less than those of other treatments.In general,the multi-year cumulative runoff and sediment yield of various types of control measures showed HCS<HCH<HCP<HCG<HC<CK.The rainfall was the most significant index affecting runoff and sediment yield.The response characteristics of runoff and sediment yield in different treatments to various rainfall parameters were different.The HCS treatment had the best effect of runoff and sediment reduction and least affected by rainfall,while the runoff and sediment yield of CK were significantly affected by rainfall.Above results indicated that the layout of control measures could effectively prevent and control the soil and water loss of the dump slope.The layout of mixed grass+diamond grid land preparation measures had the best effect on reducing the runoff and sediment.关键词
草原矿区/侵蚀性降雨/径流/产沙/侵蚀调控Key words
steppe mining area/erosive rainfall/runoff/sediment/erosion control分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
史鹏莉,刘艳萍,郭建英,杨振奇,范进昇..典型草原矿区排土场边坡不同治理模式的径流产沙特征[J].中国农业科技导报,2025,27(6):184-194,11.基金项目
内蒙古自治区科技兴蒙行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM005) （2022EEDSKJXM005）
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0020). （2020ZD0020）
