地质通报2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：837-847,11.DOI:10.12097/gbc.2024.08.004
石家庄地区浅层地下水化学特征及形成机制
Chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang area
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To gain a comprehensive understanding of the chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in the Shijiazhuang area and provide scientific references for water environment management departments.[Methods]Based on the shallow groundwater quality monitoring data of the Shijiazhuang area from 2019 to 2020,methods such as geostatistics,Piper diagram,Gibbs model,and ion ratio were comprehensively employed to analyze the chemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in different hydrogeological units of the Shijiazhuang area,the main chemical indicators affecting water quality,and their formation mechanisms.[Results]The pH value of shallow groundwater in the Shijiazhuang area ranged from 7.13 to 8.48,falling between neutral water and weak alkaline water;the average values of TH(total hardness)and TDS(total dissolved solids)were 391.03 mg/l and 590.60 mg/l respectively,showing a gradually decreasing trend along the groundwater runoff direction;the anions and cations in the entire area and each hydrogeological unit were mainly HCO3-,SO42-,Ca2+and Na+,and the cations in the platform and river valley plain area were mainly Ca2+and Mg2+,and the spatial variation coefficients of ions such as Na+,Cl-,SO42-,NO3-were relatively large;the chemical type of shallow groundwater was mainly HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg,followed by SO4·HCO3-Ca·Mg type,and the chemical type of water gradually became more complex from the platform area to the alluvial-proluvial plain area;The formation of chemical components in shallow groundwater is primarily controlled by rock weathering.In alluvial-proluvial plains and tableland regions,the formation of certain chemical components in groundwater is significantly influenced by human activities.The main indicators exceeding standards in shallow groundwater within the study area are total hardness(TH),sulfate(SO42-),and nitrate(NO3-).The comprehensive exceedance rate of these three indicators is highest in the valley plain area,reaching 62.5%.The formation of chemical components in groundwater samples with exceeded TH,SO42-,and NO3-standards is not only affected by the dissolution of carbonate minerals but also by the dissolution of sulfate minerals and anthropogenic factors,such as agricultural activities and municipal sewage discharge.[Conclusions]The chemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in the Shijiazhuang area exhibit distinct zonation.From the tableland region to the alluvial-proluvial plain,the concentrations of TH and total dissolved solids(TDS)in groundwater gradually decrease,water chemistry types become increasingly complex,and the water quality exceedance rate progressively declines.Furthermore,the phenomenon of water quality exceedance results from the combined effects of natural and anthropogenic factors.This study on the hydrochemical characteristics and their formation mechanisms of shallow groundwater in different hydrogeological units in the Shijiazhuang area provides a critical scientific basis for water environment management departments.关键词
地下水/化学特征/超标指标/形成机制/石家庄地区Key words
groundwater/chemical characteristics/exceeding standard indicators/formation mechanism/Shijiazhuang area分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
王丽娟,王哲,李晓媛,宋胜华,刘敏,刘鹏飞..石家庄地区浅层地下水化学特征及形成机制[J].地质通报,2025,44(5):837-847,11.基金项目
自然资源部项目《我国典型地区大气水-地表水-地下水资源综合评估与水平衡研究——以滹滏平原为例》(编号:B201905)、河北省水利科技计划项目《河北省浅层微咸水回补地下水可行性研究》(编号:2024-53)和河北省高水平人才团队建设专项《河北省城乡一体化高质量发展与地质环境保障能力协同提升机制》(编号:225A4204D) （编号:B201905）
