地质通报2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：858-871,14.DOI:10.12097/gbc.2022.06.031
南方煤系地层小断层地震物理模型研究
Seismic physical model of small fault in southern coal-bearing strata
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Given the lithological characteristics and geological structure distribution of coal-bearing strata in southern coalfields,traditional methods face significant limitations and challenges in identifying small faults with a displacement of≤5 m.Seismic physical modeling is currently the most promising technique for systematically studying small faults.[Methods]Taking the southern coalfield—Liupanshui Coalfield in Guizhou Province,as an example,a seismic physical model was designed based on field exploration and data collection.Due to the complexity and specificity of constructing small faults,a unique spatial scale ratio of 1∶2000 and a velocity ratio of 1∶1.74 were adopted.For the first time in China,small faults at different burial depths of 5 m,3 m,and 1 m were successfully simulated,leading to the completion of a seismic physical model of small faults in coal-bearing strata.Seismic data were then acquired,and the raw seismic data from the model were analyzed and processed to obtain the stacked seismic profile.[Results]By applying similarity principles and selecting specific scaling factors,raw materials were proportioned to successfully construct a seismic physical model incorporating small faults with a displacement of≤5 m.This model provides an experimental platform for acquiring seismic data,identifying small faults in coalfields,and studying their wavefield characteristics.[Conclusions]This study establishes a seismic physical modeling system suitable for identifying small faults in southern coalfields,demonstrating the feasibility of constructing fault models based on the similarity principle.The developed model overcomes the technical limitations of conventional methods in detecting small faults,and offers a reliable experimental foundation for investigating wavefield responses and seismic recognition mechanisms.It provides theoretical support for the refined interpretation of geological structures in southern coal-bearing stratas.关键词
地震物理模型/南方煤系/模型制作/数据采集/小断层Key words
seismic physical modeling/coal measure of southern/model making/data acquisition/small fault分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
戴世鑫,董艳娇,胡盼,李祥,邢振邯,杨甫..南方煤系地层小断层地震物理模型研究[J].地质通报,2025,44(5):858-871,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划《煤矿隐蔽致灾地质因素动态智能探测技术研究》(编号:2018YFC0807801)、国家重点研发计划子课题《低渗透油藏CO2注入及地质封存中的迁移转化规律和岩石力学响应》(编号:2018YFB0605503)、国家自然科学基金项目《南方复杂地质条件煤田小断层物理模型地震波识别方法研究》(批准号:51804112)、自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室开放基金(编号:KF2021-5) （编号:2018YFC0807801）
