贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(6)：59-71,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.06.007
叶面喷施抗蒸腾剂对猕猴桃开花坐果期高温干旱胁迫的缓解效果研究
Study on Alleviating Effects of Foliar Spraying Anti-transpirant on Kiwifruit During Flowering and Fruit Setting Period Under High-temperature and Drought Stress
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The mechanism of film-forming anti-transpirant in alleviating high-temperature and drought stress during the flowering and fruit-setting stages of kiwifruit was studied,as well as their comprehensive effects on photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant physiology,and fruit quality,thereby providing reference for the application and promotion of anti-transpirants in fruit trees under stress.[Method]Using Hongyang kiwifruit as the test material,with water as the control(CK),three anti-transpirant treatments were applied:SR150(6.67 mL/L,low concentration),SR100(10.00 mL/L,medium concentration),and SR50(20.00 mL/L,high concentration).The first foliar spray was applied 2 days before full bloom(March 30),with simultaneous monitoring of photosynthesis,physiological indicators and stomatal morphological characteristics.A second foliar spray was applied 7 days after flowering(April 13)to analyze plant growth,and fruit quality was evaluated at harvest stage(August 30).[Result]Anti-transpirants significantly inhibited stomatal length,width,and aperture dimensions in kiwifruit leaves.From days 2 to 11 after application,compared to CK,SR100 and SR150 reduced stomatal conductance by 21.48%-42.29%and 18.00%-55.59%,respectively,transpiration rate by 27.59%-48.24%(excluding SR100 on day 5)and 31.46%-45.54%,and net photosynthetic rate by 5.76%-17.83%and 11.22%-20.55%,respectively.SR50 maintained net photosynthetic rates comparable to CK.Foliar application of anti-transpirants enhanced leaf water content during flowering,with SR50 showing the most significant effect.Antioxidant enzyme activity exhibited dual responses of concentration-time.On day 5,catalase(CAT)activity of SR50 increased by 94.44%compared to CK.Malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugar and soluble protein content in leaves during treatment significantly reduced,while the resistance of kiwifruit to high-temperature and drought stress improved.For plant growth and fruit quality,anti-transpirants could enhance water content in leaves during fruit setting(SR100 and SR50 performed best),had no significant impact on plant growth or fruit quality,and positively influenced fruit-setting rates.[Conclusion]Applying 20.00 mL/L"Shenrun"anti-transpirant before flowering significantly reduced length and width of stomatal aperture,maintained higher net photosynthetic rates,lowered transpiration rates,reduced water loss,increased leaf water content,achieved dynamic balance between photosynthetic efficiency and transpiration water consumption,and alleviated high-temperature and drought stress by enhancing antioxidant metabolism to reduce MDA,soluble sugar and soluble protein content in kiwifruit leaves.关键词
抗蒸腾剂/猕猴桃/高温干旱/逆境胁迫/光合特性/气孔形态特征/抗氧化系统Key words
anti-transpirant/kiwifruit/high-temperature and drought/adversity stress/photosynthetic chara-cteristics/stomatal characteristics/antioxidant system分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马红叶,黄伟,罗孝明,张荣全,杨仕品,李荣飞,乔荣,李飞,万明长..叶面喷施抗蒸腾剂对猕猴桃开花坐果期高温干旱胁迫的缓解效果研究[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(6):59-71,13.基金项目
贵州省科技支撑计划项目"克服高温干旱极端气候影响猕猴桃授粉关键技术研究"(黔科合支撑[2022]一般 115),"雌雄株花期相遇的猕猴桃雄株新品种选育研究"(黔科合支撑[2024]一般 170) （黔科合支撑[2022]一般 115）
贵州省精品水果产业技术体系项目"育种功能实验室"(GZCYTX2022) （GZCYTX2022）
贵州省科技计划项目"园艺植物基因库创新平台建设及利用"(黔科合服企[2022]005-H-12) （黔科合服企[2022]005-H-12）
