物理学进展2025，Vol.45Issue(3)：151-159,9.DOI:10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2025.03.004
实验室天体物理中磁场的测量方法
Measurement Methods of Magnetic Fields in Laboratory Astrophysics
摘要
Abstract
Magnetic fields are ubiquitous in the universe,such as Earth,Sun,supernova remnants,nebulae,giants,neutron stars,black holes and so on.Despite their widespread pres-ence,there remain numerous unanswered questions about astronomical magnetic fields.For instance,how are initial magnetic fields generated?How do magnetic fields undergo ampli-fication?With the advent of high-power,high-energy laser facilities,laboratory astrophysics provides a new method to the study of astrophysical problems in a controlled laboratory setting,where researchers recreate extreme physical conditions similar to those found in astrophysical objects or their surroundings.The benefits of this method include the short distance,activity,controlled condition and reproducibility.Under the scaling laws,laboratory plasmas can study the origin and amplification of astrophysical magnetic fields.Various measurement techniques are employed in current laboratory studies to assess magnetic fields,including magnetic probes,magnetic tapes,Zeeman effect,Faraday rotation,and proton radiography.Understanding the principles and characteristics of these diagnostic methods is essential in selecting the appropri-ate method for measuring magnetic fields in experiments.关键词
实验室天体物理/磁场测量方法/天体磁场/等离子体Key words
laboratory astrophysics/magnetic field measurement methods/astronomical magnetic fields/plasma分类
物理学引用本文复制引用
施川奇,袁大伟,赵刚..实验室天体物理中磁场的测量方法[J].物理学进展,2025,45(3):151-159,9.基金项目
感谢国家重点研发计划(No.2022YFA1603200、No.2022YFA1603204)、中国科学院青年交叉学科团队(JCTD-2022-05)、中国科学院青年创新促进会、国家自然科学基金(No.12473099、No.11873061)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(No.XDA25030500、No.XDA25010100、No.XDA25030200)的资助. （No.2022YFA1603200、No.2022YFA1603204）
