中国兽医杂志2025，Vol.61Issue(6)：19-26,8.DOI:10.20157/j.cnki.zgsyzz.2025.06.003
我国西北地区4个规模化奶牛场隐性乳房炎流行病学调查
Epidemiological Survey of Subclinical Mastitis in Four Large-scale Dairy Farms in Northwestern China
摘要
Abstract
To study the incidence and related influencing factors of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in Northwestern China,this study analyzed the information on the parity,lactation stage,and infected quarters of 267 cows diagnosed with subclinical mastitis in four large-scale dairy farms in the region.Sterile milk samples were collected from the affected quarters for pathogen isolation,culture,and identification.The results showed that the proportion of affected multiparous cows(80.52%,215/267)was higher than that in primiparous cows(19.48%,52/267).Among the affected primiparous and multiparous cows,the highest incidence was observed in cows at the peak of lactation,with incidence rates of 53.85%(28/52)and 69.77%(150/215),respectively.The anterior udder quarters of the cows were more susceptible to subclinical mastitis.Pathogen distribution analysis revealed that coagulase-negative staphylococci were the main pathogenic bacteria,followed by Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Streptococcus agalactiae.There was a significant difference in the distribution of pathogens between different farms(χ2=62.21,P<0.01).Coagulase-negative staphylococci and E.coli had higher detection rates in both primiparous and multiparous cows,with no significant difference in pathogen types among cows of different parities(χ2=0.68,P=0.57).In cows at different lactation stages,the highest proportion of coagulase-negative staphylococci was found in the early lactation,peak lactation,and late lactation stages(25.00%,27.53%,and 27.87%,respectively),with no significant difference in pathogen types across different lactation stages(χ2=10.53,P=0.84).Coagulase-negative staphylococci were most commonly found in both anterior and posterior udder quarters(29.87%and 23.89%,respectively).There was no significant difference in pathogen types between cows with infections in different quarters(χ2=9.57,P=0.30).The results suggest that the health management of dairy cows at the peak of lactation and multiparous cows should be strengthened,and effective treatment measures should be implemented during the dry period to reduce the incidence of subclinical mastitis,thereby improving cow health and farm economic benefits.This survey identifies the incidence patterns and pathogen distribution characteristics of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in Northwestern China and provides important scientific evidence for the integrated prevention and control of subclinical mastitis in the region.关键词
隐性乳房炎/奶牛/致病菌/发病特征Key words
subclinical mastitis/dairy cow/pathogenic bacteria/incidence characteristic分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
程思颖,刘耀权,童晓芳,黎玉琼,高健..我国西北地区4个规模化奶牛场隐性乳房炎流行病学调查[J].中国兽医杂志,2025,61(6):19-26,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金地区联合基金项目(U21A20262-2) （U21A20262-2）
