表面技术2025，Vol.54Issue(12)：195-206,12.DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.12.018
多孔PDMS基-凝胶介质材料的疏冰特性研究
Ice-phobic Properties of Porous PDMS-based Gel Medium Materials
摘要
Abstract
Icing phenomena are widespread in transportation,energy,and other fields,causing severe economic losses and safety hazards.To provide a reliable solution for ice protection,this paper proposes a porous PDMS-based organogel medium(GIP-PDMS)material with excellent icephobic properties.The influence of pore size on the icephobic characteristics of the GIP-PDMS material is investigated experimentally,and the icephobic mechanism of GIP-PDMS is revealed using numerical simulation methods. GIP-PDMS materials with three pore sizes(～200 μm,～400 μm,and～1 000 μm)are prepared using a three-step"template precipitation-impregnation-curing"method.The internal micro-morphology of porous PDMS and GIP-PDMS is then examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and optical microscopy.For the mechanical property testing of the GIP-PDMS material,the surface energy,elastic modulus,porosity,and contact angle are measured according to the droplet balance method with a universal testing machine,an automatic mercury porosimeter,and a contact angle goniometer,respectively.The ice adhesion strength of the materials is accurately obtained with an ice adhesion strength measurement system to characterize their icephobic properties.Static/dynamic icing experiments,surface abrasion experiments,and corrosion/contamination experiments are conducted to analyze the icephobic characteristics of different pore-sized GIP-PDMS under multiple factors,including static/dynamic icing,surface wear,acid/alkali corrosion,and oil contamination.A finite element simulation model for ice adhesion is established based on cohesive elements to analyze the icephobic mechanism of the GIP-PDMS material. Experiments demonstrate that the ice adhesion strength of the GIP-PDMS material is significantly lower than that of porous PDMS,and its ice adhesion strength shows a positive correlation with pore size.Within the temperature range of-25 ℃ to-5 ℃ under static/dynamic icing conditions,the～200 μm pore size GIP-PDMS material exhibits the best stability in ice adhesion strength;that is,its ice adhesion strength value remains essentially unchanged(variation of only 3.8 kPa)despite significant changes in icing temperature,while the ice adhesion strength of the～400 μm pore size is the most sensitive to icing conditions(variation of 14.5 kPa).After undergoing 100 repeated wear experiments,the surfaces of the GIP-PDMS materials show varying degrees of wear.After 100 cycles,the degree of wear becomes more severe with larger pore sizes.Regarding icephobic properties,the～200 μm pore size material exhibits a reduction in ice adhesion strength after wear,while the～400 μm and～1 000 μm pore size materials show the smallest and largest increases in ice adhesion strength,respectively.Under dynamic icing conditions with continuously decreasing temperature(-5 ℃ to-25 ℃)and increasing surface wear,the ice adhesion strength of the～200 μm pore size GIP-PDMS material shows a decreasing trend,indicating enhanced icephobic properties.Under strong acid(pH=l),strong alkali(pH=13)corrosion,and oil contamination conditions,the ice adhesion strength of different pore-sized GIP-PDMS remains essentially unchanged.Simulation reveals that during tangential de-icing,the difference in elastic modulus between the skeleton and the gel of GIP-PDMS leads to the initiation and propagation of cracks at multiple locations on the material-ice interface,thereby achieving excellent icephobic properties. This study establishes GIP-PDMS as a robust icephobic material,where～200 μm pore size optimizes properties through stable air film formation and minimized solid-liquid contact area.The material maintains functionality under extreme temperature(-25 ℃),mechanical abrasion,and chemical exposure,demonstrating potential for aviation,power transmission,and cryogenic engineering applications.Future work should focus on scaling production and field-validation in real-world environments.关键词
防除冰/冰黏附强度/PDMS/多孔介质/界面裂纹/疏冰机制Key words
anti/de-icing/ice adhesion strength/PDMS/porous medium/interface crack/icephobic mechanism分类
金属材料引用本文复制引用
顾兴士,易贤,李科..多孔PDMS基-凝胶介质材料的疏冰特性研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(12):195-206,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(12132019) （12132019）
四川省科技计划项目(2024NSFSC0253)Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12132019) （2024NSFSC0253）
Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(2024NSFSC0253) （2024NSFSC0253）
