风景园林2025，Vol.32Issue(6)：123-131,9.DOI:10.3724/j.fjyl.202409110531
北岳恒山风景名胜区耦合风景特质识别的审美价值评估
Aesthetic Value Assessment Coupled with Landscape Character Assessment for Hengshan Mountain Scenic Area
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In order to align with international standards and promote the construction of a global ecological civilization while ensuring the distinctive protection of China's natural and cultural resources,China has gradually clarified a plan for deepening the reform of a protected area system mainly composed of national parks.Scenic and historic areas encompass natural and cultural landscapes with unique Chinese characteristics within the national territory of China,and their management system has been continuously improved over the past forty years of development.The scattered layout of multiple areas in Hengshan Mountain has led to an imbalance in the protection,control,inheritance,and development of scenic resources in each area.In the context of the reconstruction of the protected area system,how to respond to the protection and control demands of scenic and historic areas remains an issue in urgent need of exploration.In the context of the new era,this research attempts to,by coupling landscape character assessment with aesthetic value assessment,explore the management and protection of scenic and historic areas,and explain the internal temporal and spatial order and correlation reflected in various types of landscapes,so as to help reduce the fragmentation and incompleteness of landscapes,expand the protection boundaries,connotation boundaries,and time boundaries of landscape resources.The research can assist in delineating the key protection areas of scenic and historic areas guided by aesthetic values,thereby achieving overall protection from point scenery to area scenery.The research can also provide new perspectives for solving a series of problems in the process of integrating and optimizing scenic spots,such as the demand for sightseeing activities,conflicts in urban development,and inheritance of ecological and cultural values,and be able to improve the international heritage aesthetic assessment system from a Chinese perspective. [Methods]Based on the guidance ideas,evaluation methods,technical platforms,and conclusion descriptions of relevant landscape character assessment at home and abroad,and on the basis of determining the scope of the research object,a research framework for aesthetic value assessment coupled with landscape character assessment for Hengshan Mountain Scenic Area is constructed through the combination of elbow method,K-means,entropy weight method,and TOPSIS method,which includes two stages:landscape character assessment and aesthetic value assessment.The stage of landscape character assessment mainly includes three steps:1)Screening and classified identification of landscape character elements;2)classification and mapping of landscape character;3)translation and description of landscape character types.The stage of aesthetic value assessment mainly includes two steps:1)Screening of aesthetic value assessment indicators;2)aesthetic value grading and regional identification.Taking the Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,which has a scattered layout of multiple protected areas,as an example,this research conducts an aesthetic value assessment practice couple with the identification of landscape characters. [Results]This research screens and classifies the landscape character elements of the Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,and uses ArcGIS 10.6 to encode and visualize the classified elements,with the spatial area ratio and distribution characteristics of each element being identified.By virtue of the ArcGIS 10.6 spatial analysis tool,14,738 150 m × 150 m cells are constructed within the research scope of Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,and a gridded geographic information database of various elements is established.Additionally,the research identifies 24 types and zones of landscape characters in Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,screens and classifies the aesthetic value assessment indicators of Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,and constructs a grid database for each assessment element.The research also conducts a 5-level assessment,classification and zoning of aesthetic value.It is found that within the core area and peripheral protected areas of Hengshan Mountain Sceinc Area,the distribution ratio of aesthetic value zones at all levels is relatively balanced.The distribution characteristics of different levels of aesthetic value zones and the types of landscape characters covered are analyzed,and the main factors affecting aesthetic value are identified based on the types of landscape characters included in various levels of aesthetic value zones,including cultural scenic spots,vegetation coverage index,and water. [Conclusion]The research on aesthetic value assessment coupled with landscape character assessment offers a possibility of determining the protection intensity and utilization methods of scenic and historic areas based on the difference in aesthetic value,providing a more macro perspective for the protection of scenic and historic areas.The research expands the scope of assessment objects,screens assessment elements that reflect the historical and cultural characteristics of scenic and historic areas,and balances the subjectivity and objectivity of assessment methods.The assessment results illustrate the landscape character types and aesthetic value features of scenic and historic areas in the form of a"picture",which can effectively connect with higher-level planning,promote the balanced development of various areas and types of landscape resources,and guide the resilient protection and sustainable development of scenic and historic areas.Under the research idea that resource characteristics,control objectives,and value orientation jointly determine protection norms,this research focuses on explaining the feasibility of evaluating the overall,refined,and targeted protection of scenic and historic areas,as well as the necessity of balancing the protection and utilization of scenic and historic areas through assessment and coordination under the management concept of"maximizing the scope of protection".关键词
风景园林/风景特质识别/审美价值/风景名胜区/保护管控/北岳恒山Key words
landscape architecture/landscape character assessment/aesthetic value/scenic and historic area/protection and control/Hengshan Mountain分类
土木建筑引用本文复制引用
赵人镜,邢炳泰,王宇谦..北岳恒山风景名胜区耦合风景特质识别的审美价值评估[J].风景园林,2025,32(6):123-131,9.基金项目
2025年度河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目"文化圈理论视角下环嵩山地区历史景观风貌识别与保护传承研究"(编号2025-ZZJH-373) （编号2025-ZZJH-373）
2024年郑州大学教育教学改革研究与实践项目"国土空间规划背景下基于数智赋能的《城市绿地系统规划》课程教学改革研究"(编号2024ZZUJGXM207) （编号2024ZZUJGXM207）
中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助"环境史视域下清代以来黄河凌汛研究"(编号2024M762969) （编号2024M762969）
河南省科技攻关项目"多元目标导向下河南省山地城市水安全格局构建技术与应用"(编号242102320309) （编号242102320309）
