黑龙江动物繁殖2025，Vol.33Issue(3)：27-31,5.DOI:10.19848/j.cnki.ISSN1005-2739.2025.06.0005
西太平洋斑海豹人工喂养和野化训练研究
Wild training of spotted seals under artificial breeding conditions
赵诗文 1宋培刚 1罗珺 1刘友林 1张胜久1
作者信息
- 1. 大连圣亚旅游控股股份有限公司,辽宁 大连 116023
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
The spotted seal is the only pinnipod marine mammal that breeds in China,mainly distributed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.This study takes the national first-class protected aquatic wild animal,the spotted seal,as the research object,and conducts preliminary research on the artificial breeding management and wild domestication of the spotted seal in the western Pacific Ocean.This study conducted nutritional analysis on independently developed spotted seal milk powder and grouped experiments to investigate the effects of different emulsions on nursing spotted seal pups.The results showed that spotted seals fed with artificial emulsions grew slower,had lighter body weight,and had earlier conversion of milk into bait.The relative shedding time was earlier,and the survival rate was lower than that of spotted seals fed with breast milk.Wild training and release evaluation were conducted on three spotted seals and two rescued spotted seals under artificial breeding conditions.Nutritional analysis was conducted on frozen fish and natural bait consumed by seals during the bait conversion period.The results showed that the protein content of natural bait was 52.8%higher than that of frozen fish,and the fat content of natural bait was 14.9%lower than that of frozen fish.However,the overall energy value showed that natural bait was higher than frozen fish.Therefore,trace elements need to be added to spotted seal during pregnancy and lactation.After 20 days of avoidance training,the results showed that Western Pacific spotted seals exhibited roaring,attacking,and dodging behaviors when they saw sticks and fishing nets and heard the sound of strikes.To sum up,artificial emulsions with certain nutritional value can be applied in the artificial breeding of spotted seals.The wildness training of spotted seals has been relatively successful,and the adaptability of spotted seal pups is stronger than that of adult spotted seals.关键词
环境检测/饵料转换/营养价值/驯养/野化训练Key words
environmental detection/bait conversion/nutritional value/domestication/wildness training分类
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赵诗文,宋培刚,罗珺,刘友林,张胜久..西太平洋斑海豹人工喂养和野化训练研究[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2025,33(3):27-31,5.
