净水技术2025，Vol.44Issue(6)：62-70,9.DOI:10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2025.06.008
黄河流域地表水中全氟/多氟烷基化合物的分布及饮用水潜在安全风险分析
Analysis Distribution of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Surface Water of the Yellow River Basin and Potential Safety Risks in Drinking Water
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are ubiquitously distributed in the Yellow River Basin.The potential safety risks of PFASs to drinking water are of great significance to be evaluated for strengthening the safeguard of drinking water safety in the Yellow River Basin.[Methods]The concentration of PFASs in the water bodies of the Yellow River Basin from 2016 to 2024 was investigated.The main types and sources of PFASs in the upper,middle and lower reaches were analyzed.The treatability of PFASs by the current drinking water treatment processes was discussed.And in combination with the treatment processes adopted by 179 water treatment plants(WTPs)using surface water sources in the basin,the potential safety risks of PFASs in source water to drinking water were clarified.[Results]It was shown that the concentration levels of PFASs in the surface water of the Yellow River Basin were in the range of ng/L to μg/L.Compounds like perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)and perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)were identified as the main pollutants.These are mainly sourced from industrial emissions,agricultural activities and domestic sewage.Industries such as the fluorine-chemical,textile,papermaking,electroplating,fire-protection,leather and metallurgical industries were considered as the main industrial emission sources.The highest detected concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in the surface water sources of the Yellow River Basin were both lower than the limit values stipulated in Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022)in China.When judged by the United States.drinking water standards,the drinking water treated by surface waterworks in the upper reaches could all meet the standard limit requirements.While for the middle and lower reaches,95.2％and 67.4％of the WTPs using surface water respectively had treated drinking water that could not meet the requirements.It was indicated that PFASs in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin pose potential risks to drinking water safety.[Conclusion]To mitigate the aforementioned risks,on one hand,enterprises should be impelled to engage in cleaner production so as to effectuate source control.On the other hand,the monitoring of PFASs concentrations in raw water should be enhanced,and the treatment processes of WTPs should be upgraded in accordance with requirements.关键词
黄河流域/全氟/多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)/水厂工艺/可处理性/清洁生产Key words
Yellow River Basin/perfluoroalkyl/polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)/WTP process/treatability/clean production分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
郭风巧,邬晶晶,郝天,孙雪梓..黄河流域地表水中全氟/多氟烷基化合物的分布及饮用水潜在安全风险分析[J].净水技术,2025,44(6):62-70,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划:黄河流域高风险污染物饮用水工艺可处理性评估(2021YFC3200805-4) （2021YFC3200805-4）
