能源研究与管理2025，Vol.17Issue(2)：90-100,11.DOI:10.16056/j.2096-7705.2025.02.010
生物基柴油全生命周期碳足迹环境影响研究进展
The Literature Review on Biodiesel:Life Cycle Assessment on Carbon Footprint and Environmental Impact
摘要
Abstract
Biodiesel,as an important component of renewable energy,plays a key role in promoting the transformation of the energy structure,enhancing environmental protection and facilitating sustainable economic development.In order to compre-hensively and objectively evaluate the environmental impact of biodiesel,considering the weakening effect of the high energy consumption and chemical input in the production process of biodiesel on its own environmental advantages,the literatures on the life cycle analysis of biodiesel published in the past ten years are systematically organized and summarized.The resea-rch results show that,biodiesel can be classified into three generations of products based on the category of raw materials,and its environmental footprint varies significantly due to differences in raw material sources,system boundary settings,and the selection of production processes.Overall,compared with traditional petro-diesel,bio-based diesel performs outstandingly in carbon reduction,with a reduction rate of up to 70％to 90％.Among them,the third-generation biodiesel has the least environ-mental impact.During the crop cultivation stage,the extensive use of pesticides has led to significantly higher pollutant indi-cators such as water acidification and eutrophication than petrochemicals and diesel.In addition,the energy input during the production stage,as well as the consumption of methyl alcohol and catalysts in the transesterification reaction process,all play significant roles in the overall environmental impact of biodiesel.The reasonable distribution of process by-products such as glycerol and potassium sulfate can effectively reduce part of the environmental burden of biodiesel.In conclusion,in the future,efforts should be made to further optimize the selection of raw materials and production processes for biodiesel,reduce the use of pesticides during the crop cultivation stage,strengthen the control over energy and chemical consumption in the production stage,and explore high-value utilization approaches for process by-products,so as to fully leverage the significant role of biodiesel in the development of sustainable energy.关键词
生物基柴油/全生命周期评价方法/原料来源/碳足迹/环境影响Key words
biobased diesel/life cycle assessment(LCA)/raw material sources/carbon footprint/environmental impact分类
能源与动力引用本文复制引用
邓蕙菁,苗菁芸..生物基柴油全生命周期碳足迹环境影响研究进展[J].能源研究与管理,2025,17(2):90-100,11.基金项目
江西省科学院院引进博士项目(2024YYB14) （2024YYB14）
江西省国际科技合作项目(20244BDF60009) （20244BDF60009）
江西省科学院省级科技计划项目包干制试点示范项目(2023YSTZX02) （2023YSTZX02）
