气象2025，Vol.51Issue(6)：660-674,15.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2025.011604
三次不同冷空气过程对登闽台风极端降水影响的对比分析
Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Three Different Cold Air Events on Extreme Rainfall Brought by Landfall Typhoons in Fujian
摘要
Abstract
Targeting the extremely severe rainstorms caused by three landfall typhoons in Fujian,i.e.Haikui(No.2311),Doksuri(No.2305)and Megi(No.1617),and employing the multi-source data including the surface automatic weather station data,the best typhoon track data and the ERA5 and GDAS reanalysis data,as well as the HYSPLIT 5.0 trajectory model which was built by the Lagrangian method,this article quantitatively analyzes the cold air and water vapor transport pathways and their contribution rates from different sources.Besides,the impacts of cold air intensity,warm-cold interaction mechanism and water vapor transport on the extreme rainfall are compared.The results show that variations in cold air inten-sity,pathways and water vapor transport in the lower troposphere led to the differences in the rainfall area and intensity of the typhoon extreme rainfall events.Under the influence of the denatured cold air from Mongolia,the extreme rainfall triggered by Typhoon Haikui exhibited a zonal distribution pattern aligned with the easterly wind.For Typhoon Megi,it had the weak cold airs from the eastern and western path-ways originated respectively from the east and central regions of West Siberia.Influenced by the weak cold airs,the extreme rainfall area was distributed along the typhoon inverted trough in the meridional direc-tion.In contrast,there was no cold air invading the peripheral circulation of Typhoon Doksuri,but driven by the persistent"train effect"in the rainband behind the typhoon,extreme rainfall area of"Doksuri"presented a meridional distribution pattern along a southwesterly jet.The analysis on water vapor trans-port reveals that the water vapor supplies for"Haikui"and"Doksuri"were mainly from the South China Sea and western Pacific channels,with water vapor contribution rates of 90.4％and 100％,respectively,which resulted in the exceptionally intense rainfall events.However,for Typhoon Megi,the low moisture contributions(25.5％)from the South China Sea and western Pacific were the major reasons for the lowest rainfall intensity among the three typhoons,but the much broader cold air influence expanded the affected-area of the extremely heavy rainfall.关键词
台风登陆/极端降水/冷空气/水汽输送/轨迹示踪Key words
landfall typhoon/extreme rainfall/cold air/water vapor transport/trajectory tracing分类
大气科学引用本文复制引用
郑秀丽,林小红,关辉,林昕,姚林塔,梁宝元..三次不同冷空气过程对登闽台风极端降水影响的对比分析[J].气象,2025,51(6):660-674,15.基金项目
福建省科技厅面上项目(2024J011144、2021J01456)和中国气象局复盘总结专项项目(FPZJ2025-061、FPZJ2024-063、FPZJ2024-066)共同资助 （2024J011144、2021J01456）
