中国生态农业学报2025，Vol.33Issue(6)：1128-1137,10.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20240536
肥料综合优化对油菜-水稻复种田土壤养分及作物产量的影响
Effects of comprehensive fertilizer optimization on soil nutrients and crop yield in rapeseed-rice multi-cropping field
摘要
Abstract
Fertilizer use efficiency is declining in the pursuit of higher yields due to increasing farm chemical fertilizer inputs,farm-land soil hardening,soil available nutrients losing,and soil acidification.To explore the effects of integrated optimized fertilization on soil nutrients and crop yield in rapeseed-rice multi-cropping field in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,a five-year field experi-ment with three fertilization treatments,which were conventional fertilization(CK),nitrogen reduction fertilization(KF),and integ-rated optimized fertilization(BMP)treatments,was conducted.Soil organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium contents and crop yield of a rapeseed-rice multi-cropping system were investigated,and the relationships between soil ecological stoichiometry and crop yields were explored.Compared to the CK treatment,soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and total phosphorus contents under BMP treatment increased by 5.77％-16.81％,1.73％-6.36％(except for 2019),and 6.84％-19.44％,respectively,from 2018 to 2022.The soil C∶N ranged from 10.12 to 22.21,C∶P ranged from 12.47 to 22.45,and N∶P ranged from 1.01 to 1.39 under different treatments.Compared with CK treatment,soil C∶N under BMP treatment increased,while soil N∶P decreased;soil C∶N(except for 2021)and N∶P(except for 2018 and 2022)under KF treatment decreased.C∶N under BMP treatment was the highest,and the difference of C∶N between BMP and CK treatments was decreased over time.Compared with the CK treatment,the rapeseed yield under the BMP treatment increased by 4.49％-26.78％ and the rapeseed yield under the BMP treatment showed increasing trend as the straw returning duration increased,while that under the CK and KF treatments decreased first and then increased.Rice yield un-der the CK and BMP treatments showed increasing trend from 2018 to 2022,whereas rice yield under the KF treatment decreased slightly from 2020 to 2021.The marginal yields of N,P,and K in rapeseed and rice increased with time,and the increase of marginal yields of rapeseed was higher than that of rice.Correlation analysis revealed that the yield of rapeseed and rice was significant posit-ively correlated with soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),most of the soil nutrients and stoichiomet-ric characteristics were significantly correlated,and the average annual temperature was significantly correlated with soil nutrients and stoichiometric characteristics.In this study,long-term positioning monitoring was adopted to explore dynamic changes in soil nu-trients through a combination of organic and amount-reduced fertilization.In summary,after the organic and inorganic fertilizers are applied to the field,the fertilizer reserving,supplying capacities and buffering power of soil are enhanced,the nutrients required for crop growth are continuously met,which improves the soil structure and increases the crop yield.Therefore,the results of this study indicate that the integrated optimized fertilization is the best fertilization mode for optimizing regional farmland nutrient management.关键词
油菜-水稻复种/施肥模式/土壤养分/作物产量Key words
rapeseed-rice multiple cropping/fertilization mode/soil nutrient/crop yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张立进,巢思琴,许彬,董保华,黄国勤,张建标,吴小飞,刘懿枢,朱灵芝..肥料综合优化对油菜-水稻复种田土壤养分及作物产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2025,33(6):1128-1137,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300208)和国家自然科学基金项目(41661070)资助 This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300208)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41661070). （2016YFD0300208）
