中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(7)：66-80,15.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.07.06
内蒙古黄土高原区限量补灌对玉米根系及产量的影响
Effects of limited supplementary irragation on maize roots and yield in the Loess Plateau region of Inner Mongolia
摘要
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of soil moisture on maize root system and yield under different supplementary irrigation amounts,five supplementary irrigation treatments of 900(W1),1,050(W2),1,200(W3),1,350(W4)and 1,500 m3/hm2(CK)were set up in one Nalin orchard of Jungar Banner,Inner Mongolia in 2022-2023.Determination of soil water content,water consumption,root length density,root surface area density,root weight density,root wounding intensity and yield of maize throughout the reproductive period in different treatments,and the interaction effects between soil moisture,root distribution and the two were investigation of conducted.The results showed that:The soil water content,water storage and water consumption increased with the increase of supplementary irrigation,in which water content,water storage and water consumption showed a single-peak curve trend in different soil depths(0-20,＞20-40,＞40-60 cm)and fertility periods,respectively.Peak values were reached in the＞20-40 cm soil layer and during the tasseling stage of the maize.Within the 0-100 cm soil layer,the maize root system was mainly concentrated in the 0-20 cm soil layer,with the proportion of the total root system ranging from 60％to 80％.The root density decreased sharply with the extension of the soil layer depth,and with the increase of irrigation volume,the root density in the surface soil layer of 0-20 cm showed an increasing trend,while the opposite was true for＞20-100 cm.In addition,there were significant differences in maize root wounding intensity with increasing supplementary irrigation amount,among which W3 had the highest wounding intensity,which increased by 1.28％to 30.72％compared to the other treatments.The economic yields of W1,W2,W3 and W4 were reduced by 12.78％,6.34％,0.51％,5.64％and 9.52％,7.79％,3.93％,0.54％respectively,compared to the CK treatment in 2022 and 2023.W3 had the smallest reduction,but its water use efficiency was 3.37％to 23.17％higher than other treatments.In conclusion,W3 can achieve stable maize yield in this region under limited supplementary irrigation condition and also improve water use efficiency.Therefore,the optimal supplementary irrigation rate for maize in Loess Plateau region of Inner Mongolia is 1 200 m3/hm2(W3)for the whole reproductive period.关键词
玉米/限量补灌/土壤水分/根系密度/产量/内蒙古黄土高原区Key words
maize/limited supplementary irrigation/soil moisture/root density/yield/Loess Plateau region of Inner Mongolia分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
白梓辰,张德全,李保成,杜二小,张乐,侯建伟,赵沛义,任永峰,王伟妮,刘勇..内蒙古黄土高原区限量补灌对玉米根系及产量的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(7):66-80,15.基金项目
鄂尔多斯市揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS-2021) （JBGS-2021）
科技兴蒙行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM004) （2022EEDSKJXM004）
