中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(7)：81-95,15.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.07.07
施氮量对膜下滴灌春大豆氮素积累量及产量的影响
Effects of nitrogen application rate on the nitrogen accumulation and yield of spring soybean under mulched drip irrigation
摘要
Abstract
To clarify the effects of nitrogen(N)application rate on fertilizer N,biological nitrogen fixation(BNF),and nitrogen accumulation in soybean under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching in Xinjiang,and their relationships with yield formation,a split-plot experiment was conducted in 2022 and 2023.Four N application treatment,0(N0),120(N120),180(N180)and 240 kg/hm2(N240)were applied at the beginning pod stage(R3)as main plots,with two soybean cultivars('Xindadou 27' and 'Xinnongdou 2')as subplots.Measurements were taken from the full flowering stage(R2)to maturity(R8)for parameters including:The nodule number,nodule dry weight,nitrogenase activity,nodule sucrose and starch content,biological nitrogen fixation(BNF),fertilizer-derived N uptake,total N accumulation,and yield.Relationships between nitrogen application rates and total nitrogen accumulation,fertilizer-derived nitrogen uptake,biological nitrogen fixation,and yield in soybean were analyzed.The results showed that:The nodule number,nodule dry weight,biological nitrogen fixation,nitrogen accumulation,and yield were significantly affected by nitrogen application rates in both experimental years(P＜0.05).Compared with N0,the N180 significantly increased nodule number,nodule dry weight,nodule sucrose content,starch content and sucrose synthase activity,while decreased nitrogenase activity(P＜0.05).Compared with N0,the biological nitrogen fixation of 'Xindadou 27' and 'Xinnongdou 2' in N180 increased by 14.63％and 46.51％in 2022,and by 21.68％and 31.43％in 2023,respectively(P＜0.05).The highest yield of 'Xindadou 27' and 'Xinnongdou 2' in both years was N180,which were 4 096.68 and 4 292.54 kg/hm2 in 2022,respectively,increased by 19.23％and 25.69％compared with N0(P＜0.05).In 2023,the yield were 4 404.47 and 4 641.50 kg/hm2,respectively,with an increase of 24.91％and 21.81％compared with N0,respectively(P＜0.05).However,when nitrogen application reached 240 kg/hm2(N240),the nodule number,nitrogenase activity,and biological nitrogen fixation capacity all decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Fertilizer nitrogen uptake and total nitrogen accumulation either plateaued or showed only marginal increases,while both yield and nitrogen agronomic use efficiency exhibited significant declines(P＜0.05).In conclusion,applying 180 kg/hm2of nitrogen at the beginning pod stage(R3)promoted the nodule number,dry weight,and carbohydrate content of nodule,sustained high biological nitrogen fixation capacity,improved nitrogen use efficiency,and facilitated nitrogen accumulation and high yield for spring soybean under drip irrigation with plastic film mulching in Xinjiang.关键词
春大豆/施氮量/根瘤固氮/氮肥利用效率/产量Key words
spring soybean/N application rate/nodule fixation of nitrogen/nitrogen use efficiency/yield分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
胥雅馨,郜全同,薛丽华,王聪,章建新..施氮量对膜下滴灌春大豆氮素积累量及产量的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(7):81-95,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32160520) （32160520）
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008) （2022A02008）
