中国农业大学学报2025，Vol.30Issue(7)：196-209,14.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2025.07.17
深旋耕作和滴灌定额对盐碱地玉米抗逆生理特性的影响
Effects of deep rotary tillage and drip irrigation quota on the stress resistance physiological characteristics of maize in saline-alkali land
摘要
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of less precipitation,large evaporation capacity,serious salinization and shortage of water resources in saline-alkali land in the Yinbei area of Ningxia,deep rotary tillage technology combined with water-saving drip irrigation strategy was adopted.A split-plot experimental design was used.T1(deep rotary tillage)and T2(conventional rotary tillage)were the main treatments,and W1(conventional irrigation,4 500 m3/hm2),W2(water saving 10％,4 050 m3/hm2),W3(water saving 20％,3 600 m3/hm2)and W4(water saving 30％,3 150 m3/hm2)were the secondary treatments.The soil moisture content,salt content,antioxidant enzyme activity,non-enzymatic protective substances and yield of maize leaves were measured.The effects of tillage methods and drip irrigation amount on the physiological characteristics and yield of maize leaves were studied.The results showed that:1)Compared with the conventional rotary tillage,the soil water content of deep rotary tillage in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers increased by 0.28％-5.51％and 5.72％-11.70％,respectively,and the soil salt content decreased by 27.99％-51.19％and 30.41％-46.79％,respectively.2)The leaf area index of each water-saving treatment of deep rotary tillage increased by 0.3％-6.25％at the silking stage of maize,and the relative chlorophyll content increased by 0.11％-3.62％at the filling stage.3)At the filling stage of maize,the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and peroxidase(POD)activity in the leaves of each water-saving treatment of deep rotary tillage increased by 1.12％-11.81％and 12.41％-19.73％,respectively,compared with those of conventional rotary tillage,while the proline(Pro)content significantly decreased by 46.22％-58.43％,the catalase(CAT)activity increased by 1.55％-18.51％,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased by 7.60％-21.40％,and the cell membrane permeability decreased by 8.55％-15.86％.4)The comprehensive analysis of maize yield and stress resistance physiological indexes showed that the comprehensive performance of T1W2 treatment was the best.In conclusion,the appropriate water-saving drip irrigation(4 050 m3/hm2)under deep rotary tillage can effectively maintain soil water content,reduce maize topsoil salinity,increase leaf protective enzyme activity,reduce the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxidation products(MDA),optimize maize leaf area formation and chlorophyll synthesis,so as to achieve water-saving salt control and maize yield increase.关键词
深旋耕作/节水/抗氧化酶/叶面积指数/产量Key words
deep rotary tillage/water saving/antioxidant enzymes/leaf area index/yield分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
黄霖锋,王建鹏,刘威帆,刘昊,万猛虎,马风兰,刘吉利,吴娜..深旋耕作和滴灌定额对盐碱地玉米抗逆生理特性的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2025,30(7):196-209,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900603) （2021YFD1900603）
