中国畜牧兽医2025，Vol.52Issue(6)：2592-2602,11.DOI:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.06.013
牛粪堆肥过程中理化性质与微生物群落变化
Physical and Chemical Properties and Microbial Community Changes of Cow Manure During Composting
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study was aimed to explore the physical and chemical properties of cow manure during aerobic composting and the evolution of microbial communities,and analyze their interrelationships,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the resource utilization of manure.[Method]Solid liquid separation of cow manure was performed through spiral extrusion.The separated solids were subjected to aerobic composting for 28 d.Samples were collected at 0 d(C0d),7 d(C7d),14 d(C14d),and 28 d(C28d),respectively.The physical and chemical indicators including moisture content(MC),organic matter(OM),carbon/nitrogen(C/N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3-N)and total nitrogen(TN)contents were measured.The microbial community structure of samples were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA.[Result]After composting,compared with C0d,C7d and C14d samples,the content of MC,OM and C/N in C28d sample were extremely significantly decreased(P＜0.01),while pH change was not significant.The contents of NO3-N and TN in C28d sample were extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01).Alpha diversity analysis of microbial communities showed that the abundance and diversity of microbial communities gradually decreased during the composting process.There were significant differences in Chao1 index,Faith_pd index,and Observed species between C14d and C0d samples(P＜0.05).At the phylum level,the dominant phylum were Firmicutes,Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria during the composting.At the genus level,the conditional pathogenic bacteria such as Psychobacter and Corynebacterium were effectively killed during the composting.Correlation analysis results showed that the relative abundance of SBR1031 was positive correlated with NO3-N content and negative correlated with OM content.The relative abundance of Limnochordaceae,Thermobiospora and Bacillus were positive correlated with TN content and negative correlated with pH.The relative abundance of Corynebacterium and Psychobacter were positive correlated with pH and negative correlated with TN content.[Conclusion]At the end of composting,compared with C0d sample,the MC and OM content decreased by 53.14％and 19.20％,respectively,the C/N ratio decreased from 57.21 to 21.69,while the TN content increased from 8.65 g/kg to 17.29 g/kg.The diversity and abundance of microbial communities were closely related to different stages of composting,the relative abundance of Limnochordaceae,Bifidobacterium,Bacillus,Fusarium and Thermopolyspora were positively correlated with the contents of TN and NO3-N,and negatively correlated with pH,MC and OM.关键词
牛粪/好氧堆肥/氮素变化/微生物群落Key words
cow manure/aerobic composting/nitrogen variation/microbial community分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
杨晨,王晓婷,张欣怡,董津汝,郭爽,王月影,杨秋云,李和平,化党领..牛粪堆肥过程中理化性质与微生物群落变化[J].中国畜牧兽医,2025,52(6):2592-2602,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700900) （2021YFD1700900）
河南农业大学实践教学基地项目(2024SJJD18) （2024SJJD18）
河南农业大学2024-2025年度"百千万"社会服务基金 （）
