中国畜牧兽医2025，Vol.52Issue(6)：2612-2625,14.DOI:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.06.015
性别和屠宰体重对广益黑猪胴体性能和肉品质的影响
Effects of Gender and Slaughter Weight on Carcass and Meat Quality of Guangyi Black Pigs
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In order to understand the germplasm characteristics and provide theoretical basis for scientific feeding,meat quality control and rational utilization of Guangyi Black pigs,the effects of gender and different slaughter weight on carcass performance and meat quality in Guangyi Black pigs were investigated in this study.[Method]The carcass performance,meat quality and nutrient components in 30 Guangyi Black pigs(half male and half female)were measured,and the data were statistically analyzed according to different genders and slaughter weight stages(80-90,91-100 and 101-110 kg).[Result]The weight of stomach,heart and liver of 80-90 kg Guangyi Black pigs were significantly lower than that of 101-110 kg pigs(P＜0.05).The slaughter rate and lean meat rate of Guangyi Black pigs were 74.02％and 56.93％,respectively.Compared with 91-100 and 101-110 kg pigs,80-90 kg pigs had the smallest carcass length(P＜0.05).The meat color score(45 min)and intramuscular fat content in Guangyi Black pigs were 3.77 and 4.52％,respectively.Compared with 91-100 and 101-110 kg pigs,the pH24h(P＜0.01)and inosinic acid content(P＜0.05)of meat in 80-90 kg pigs were the lowest.The contents of total amino acid(TAA),flavor amino acid(FAA)and essential amino acid(EAA)of meat in Guangyi Black pigs were 20.26％,15.48％and 9.04％,respectively.There was significant difference between 80-90 and 101-110 kg pigs(P＜0.05).The contents of calcium,copper,magnesium,sodium and zinc of meat in Guangyi Black pigs were 35.25,0.36,275.47,433.43 and 14.82 mg/kg,respectively,and the potassium content of meat was 0.41％.The sodium content of meat in 80-90 kg pigs was significantly higher than that in 90-100 kg pigs(P＜0.05),and the magnesium content was significantly lower than that in 101-110 kg pigs(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the contents of monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA),polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),total unsaturated fatty acids(UFA)and saturated fatty acids(SFA)of meat in Guangyi Black pigs were 45.25％,9.25％,54.50％and 45.25％,respectively.Gender had no effect on carcass and meat quality traits in Guangyi Black pigs.The average backfat thickness of Guangyi Black pigs was extremely significantly positively correlated with loin-eye area,leg hip ratio and fat percentage(P＜0.01),and was extremely significantly negatively correlated with lean meat rate(P＜0.01).The marble score in Guangyi Black pigs was extremely significantly positively correlated with intramuscular fat content(P＜0.01).[Conclusion]Guangyi Black pigs had good meat quality,the contents of meat amino acids,fatty acids and minerals were abundant,and the proportion of EAA and FAA,SFA and UFA was ideal.The carcass and meat quality traits in Guangyi Black pigs were related to slaughter weight,but not to gender,and the most suitable slaughter weight was 91-100 kg.关键词
广益黑猪/性别/屠宰体重/胴体性能/肉质性状Key words
Guangyi Black pigs/gender/slaughter weight/carcass traits/meat quality traits分类
畜牧业引用本文复制引用
曹丽华,罗建辉,左剑波,陈晨,彭英林,李华丽,任慧波,罗保明,刘莹莹,崔清明,邓缘,朱吉,胡雄贵..性别和屠宰体重对广益黑猪胴体性能和肉品质的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2025,52(6):2612-2625,14.基金项目
湖南省重点研发计划项目(2023NK2007) （2023NK2007）
湖南省生猪产业技术体系(HARS-05) （HARS-05）
湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2022JJ30317) （2022JJ30317）
