表面技术2025，Vol.54Issue(13)：1-15,15.DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.13.001
轮轨界面摩擦模型与黏着调控技术的研究进展
Research Progress on Friction Models of Wheel-rail Interface and Adhesion Control Technologies
摘要
Abstract
As the core factor affecting the traction and braking performance of trains,the in-depth research on the modeling and control technologies of the wheel/rail adhesion coefficient is of vital importance for ensuring the safety,stability and high efficiency of train operation.The work aims to comprehensively review the research progress of the wheel/rail adhesion coefficient modeling and control technologies. Firstly,the wheel/rail adhesion phenomenon and its significance for train operation are expounded.Both excessively high and insufficient adhesion coefficients will have adverse effects on train performance.Secondly,the development history of the wheel/rail interface friction coefficient models is reviewed.From the early Coulomb friction coefficient model to the more complex attenuation models and large creep friction coefficient models,the large creep friction coefficient model can better fit the test results.However,the existing models still have limitations,such as being overly empirical,having insufficient understanding of the physical processes,failing to fully consider the impact of complex factors,and having limited universality and accuracy.In terms of the adhesion control technologies,the locomotive anti-slip control technology and the sanding enhanced adhesion technology are mainly introduced.The locomotive anti-slip control technology includes the re-adhesion control and the optimal adhesion control.The former has a fast response and mature technology,but its accuracy is not satisfactory under complex working conditions.Although the latter can explore the adhesion peak point to improve the utilization rate,its practical application faces problems such as difficulties in measuring the adhesion coefficient.Regarding the sanding enhanced adhesion technology,there are many research results in aspects such as the adhesion increasing mechanism,the effects under different media,the particle characteristics and the impact of sanding parameters.However,it is still necessary to finely regulate the sanding operation according to specific working conditions to achieve the best effect. In the future,on the one hand,it is necessary to use advanced test equipment and methods to deeply explore the large creep adhesion recovery mechanism and build accurate friction coefficient models,strengthen the multi-physical field coupling numerical simulation and incorporate multiple factors into the models and use data-driven methods to mine the adhesion laws and combine intelligent algorithms to build adaptive wheel/rail adhesion models.On the other hand,there is a need to continuously improve the adaptability and robustness of the adhesion control system,integrate the wheel-rail dynamics models with real-time data to achieve efficient adhesion utilization and precise torque control,conduct in-depth research on the details of the sanding anti-slip technology and optimize the sanding devices and particle performance to ensure the stable operation of trains under complex working conditions.The study can provide references for relevant scientific researchers and engineering technicians,promote the continuous development of wheel/rail adhesion related technologies,and meet the growing safety and efficiency requirements of railway transportation.关键词
轮轨黏着/摩擦因数模型/黏着调控/防滑控制/撒砂增黏Key words
wheel/rail adhesion/friction coefficient model/adhesion control/anti-slip control/sanding enhanced adhesion分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
徐梦楠,王文健,宋辛辛,程家豪,张沭玥,丁昊昊,郭俊..轮轨界面摩擦模型与黏着调控技术的研究进展[J].表面技术,2025,54(13):1-15,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52320105007,52272443,52435004) （52320105007,52272443,52435004）
轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室自主研究课题(2024RVL-T02) （2024RVL-T02）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2682024CG007) National Natural Science Foundation of China(52320105007,52272443,52435004) （2682024CG007）
Autonomous Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System(2024RVL-T02) （2024RVL-T02）
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2682024CG007) （2682024CG007）
