爆炸与冲击2025，Vol.45Issue(7)：3-18,16.DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0500
典型金属飞机机身下部结构坠撞的吸能特性与吸能设计
Energy absorption characteristics and crashworthiness designs for typical metal aircraft fuselage substructure
张欣玥 1惠旭龙 1刘小川 1白春玉 1李肖成 1牟让科1
作者信息
- 1. 中国飞机强度研究所强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室,陕西 西安 710065||中国飞机强度研究所结构冲击动力学航空科技重点实验室,陕西 西安 710065||陕西省飞行器振动冲击与噪声重点实验室,陕西 西安 710065
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the crashworthiness and energy absorption characteristics of aircraft fuselage substructures and to conduct structural crashworthiness design,this study focuses on a typical metal aircraft fuselage as the research object.A drop test of a typical fuselage substructure was performed,and the energy absorption characteristics were evaluated based on both experimental and simulation analysis results.Subsequently,an energy absorption design for the fuselage substructure was developed.The influence of structural layout parameters on the crash response of the new fuselage substructure was examined through simulation analysis.Comparisons were made regarding structural deformation,impact force-time curves,acceleration responses,and energy absorption for fuselage substructures with different layout parameters.The results indicate that during the crash process of the original structure,the primary energy absorption modes include plastic deformation and fracture in the column,frame,and beam connection areas,bending deformation of cabin floor beams,and failure of connectors.Since all columns bend and break near the connection areas,the other parts of the columns are almost entirely free of plastic deformation,resulting in limited energy absorption by the columns.The new substructure proposed in this study features a novel configuration that fully leverages the advantages of metal plastic deformation.Compared to the original configuration,the new substructure exhibits more uniform deformation while maintaining the same total mass of the fuselage structure.It significantly reduces the peak load and acceleration at the early stage of the crash.The proportion of energy absorption by the frame and energy-absorbing components has increased markedly.After optimization,the average overload of the new fuselage substructure is reduced by 30.8%compared to the original configuration.The average acceleration of the two mass points on the cabin floor of the new fuselage substructure is reduced by 25.0%and 37.6%,respectively,compared to the original configuration.These findings provide valuable insights and references for the crashworthiness design of aircraft fuselage substructures.关键词
机身下部结构/适坠性/坠撞实验/吸能特性/坠撞设计Key words
fuselage substructure/crashworthiness/drop test/energy absorption characteristics/crashworthy design分类
数理科学引用本文复制引用
张欣玥,惠旭龙,刘小川,白春玉,李肖成,牟让科..典型金属飞机机身下部结构坠撞的吸能特性与吸能设计[J].爆炸与冲击,2025,45(7):3-18,16.
