家畜生态学报2025，Vol.46Issue(6)：55-62,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-1182.2025.06.009
不同品种猪肠道菌群结构差异比较分析
Comparative Analysis of Intestinal Microbiota of Different Breeds of Pigs
摘要
Abstract
The study aimed to explore the effects of pig species on intestinal microbiota composition,and analyze the structural characteristics and differences of intestinal microbiota of different pig breeds,and to provide theoretical basis for pig germplasm innovation.In this study,under the same feeding condi-tions,Large White pigs,Landrace White pigs,Duroc pigs and Pitland pigs of similar age,10 from each,were selected for analysis of their intestinal microbiota by utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology on rectal contents.Significant differences were observed in the composition and structure of intestinal mi-crobiota in different pig species,and insignificant differences in the composition of microbiota between Pit-land pig and other three pig species.In terms of phylum level,the dominant bacteria of the four pig species were the same:Fimicutes,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes,with significantly lower Firmi-cutes(P＜0.05)and significantly higher Bacteroidetes(P＜0.05)in Pitland pigs than in the other three breeds.Alpha diversity indices comparison showed Pitland pigs had significantly higher Chao 1 index and Faith_pd index than Duroc pigs(P＜0.05),and significantly higher Observed_species index than Large White pigs(P＜0.05),and Duroc pigs(P＜0.01).Using LEfSe analysis,21 differentially enriched species were identified among the four strains,with g_Brevibacillus,o_Bacillales and f_Paenibacillaceae being specific strains in Duroc intestinal microbiota.g_Bacteroides,f_Bacteroidaceae and g_Ruminiclostridium_5 were the specific bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of Landrace White pigs.c_Bacteroidia,p_Bacteroidia and other 14 kinds of bacteria were specific to the intestinal microbiota of Pitland pigs.p_Firmicute was the only specific bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of Large White pigs.Functional prediction results showed significant secondary pathways among the four breeds(P＜0.05).Validation analysis indicated a certain correlation between p_Bacteroidia,p_Firmicute and backfat thickness.This study revealed the relationship between intestinal microbiota and breeds,showing inter-group differences in the structural composition of intestinal microbiota among the four pig breeds.The intestinal microbiota of the Pitland pigs significantly differed from the other three groups in Firmicutes and Bacteroides(P＜0.05),indicating a certain correla-tion between pig breeds and intestinal microbiota.关键词
猪/16S rRNA基因/肠道菌群/品种/高通量测序技术/菌群结构Key words
pig/16S rRNA gene/intestinal microbiota/varieties/high-throughput sequencing/micro-bial community structure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
周浩,刘闯,韩锦仪,冯浩义,李新建..不同品种猪肠道菌群结构差异比较分析[J].家畜生态学报,2025,46(6):55-62,8.基金项目
科技部"十四五"国家重点研发计划北方区地方猪新品种(配套系)培育及良繁(2021YFD1301202) （配套系）
河南省农业农村厅农业良种攻关项目生猪种质创新及新品种培育(2022020101) （2022020101）
