摘要
Abstract
During the Guangxu period,Zhang Rongjing served as a local education official in Fucheng,Hejian Pre-fecture,Zhili Province.Before the First Sino-Japanese War,he was a traditional scholar who admired Zeng Guofan and upheld his standards of conduct,focusing on self-improvement,family harmony,and actively participating in the imperial examination system.However,as the situation deteriorated during the war,he became increasingly concerned about the war and gradually abandoned his aspirations for a traditional official career.During this time,he approached his third imperial examination in a perfunctory manner.After the war,Zhang,like many others,was deeply affected by the defeat and no longer pursued the imperial examination.He took the country's safety and well-being as his own responsibility,worried about current affairs,and supported reform,sharing the common aspi-ration of the people for a strong and prosperous nation that would no longer be bullied.Representing the majority of lower-level officials,Zhang Rongjing's experiences and changing mentality reflect the shift in the mindset of the Chinese people at that time.关键词
张蓉镜/甲午战争/科举态度/底层官员/心态Key words
Zhang Rongjing/First Sino-Japanese War/attitude towards the imperial examination/lower-level offi-cials/mentality分类
社会科学
