海洋渔业2025，Vol.47Issue(3)：394-404,11.
氨氮和亚硝基氮胁迫对凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺菌群的影响
Effects of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite stress on hepatopancreas flora of Litopenaeus vannamei
摘要
Abstract
To gain insights into the microbial origins in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei,this study delves into the alterations in the abundance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the hepatopancreas of L.vannamei after oral administration under the stress of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite.Moreover,an analysis was conducted on the bacterial loads and community structures in the digestive system and aquaculture environments of L.vannamei under diverse aquaculture conditions to explore the relationships between the bacterial community structure of the digestive system and aquaculture environmental factors.The results revealed that under the stress of ammonia nitrogen or nitrite,V.parahaemolyticus could be detected in the hepatopancreas as early as 2 min after oral administration.Within 120 min,the abundance of V.parahaemolyticus exhibited fluctuations,yet an overall upward trend was observed.Conversely,under non-stressed conditions,V.parahaemolyticus was not detected in the hepatopancreas at any of the sampling time points.In the small greenhouse aquaculture,characterized by relatively high ammonia nitrogen and nitrite stress,the hepatopancreas demonstrated a high bacterial abundance,with smaller-sized bacteria such as Planctomycetes being the dominant phyla,showing marked differences compared to water,sediment,shrimp intestine and stomach samples.Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria emerged as the dominant phyla in the environment.Additionally,Patescibacteria was present with a certain degree of abundance.High abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were observed in the intestine and stomach.In contrast,in the outdoor pond aquaculture,where ammonia nitrogen and nitrite stress was relatively low,the bacterial load in the hepatopancreas was comparatively low.Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)indicated that the bacterial community structure and abundance in the hepatopancreas displayed a relatively high degree of randomness.Proteobacteria and photosynthetic bacteria were the predominant phyla in the environment.The abundance of Proteobacteria was relatively high in the stomach and intestine.After temporary rearing in recirculating water systems for 15 d,no bacterial 16S rDNA was detected in all three L.vannamei hepatopancreas samples from outdoor ponds.These results suggest that the bacterial community abundance and structure are influenced by ammonia nitrogen and nitrite stress and the composition of the environmental bacterial community.Under ammonia nitrogen and nitrite stress,certain bacteria can directly enter the hepatopancreas,which represents one of the potential invasion pathways for pathogens.关键词
凡纳滨对虾/菌群结构/肝胰腺/氨氮胁迫/亚硝基氮胁迫Key words
Litopenaeus vannamei/bacterial community structure/hepatopancreas/ammonia nitrogen stress/nitrite stress分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李乐天,王元,房迪,宋仟慧,李新苍,英娜,房文红..氨氮和亚硝基氮胁迫对凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺菌群的影响[J].海洋渔业,2025,47(3):394-404,11.基金项目
上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字(2022)第5号] （2022）
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD43) （2023TD43）
