海洋渔业2025，Vol.47Issue(3)：450-460,11.
海洋微塑料污染的生物危害及防治研究进展
Overview of biological hazards and control measures of marine microplastic pollution
摘要
Abstract
With the expansion of human exploration and development activities in marine environments,coupled with the increasing use of plastic products,marine microplastic pollution has become an increasingly severe issue.This paper reviews the sources of marine microplastics,including domestic and industrial wastewater discharges generated on land,as well as plastic product pollution and emissions from certain marine fisheries activities.Furthermore,we analyze the distribution characteristics of marine microplastics in major oceans worldwide.The distribution of microplastic pollution is examined not only from a spatial perspective but also in terms of the dynamics and static distribution characteristics of microplastics in the ocean vertical depth.It also discusses the characteristics of marine microplastics,such as the concealment and mobility,which make them difficult to observe and manage.Due to their small size,high specific surface area and surface energy,microplastics easily adsorb toxic substances and microbial communities.Once they enter the food chain,they will inevitably affect and damage marine organisms at various trophic levels.Ultimately,through the process of biological accumulation,microplastics impact human health and the broader ecological environment.The paper also provides a detailed analysis of recent studies on microplastics in the human body,highlighting the distribution of microplastics in different organs and the potential health risks they may cause.Finally,the paper reviews the progress of domestic and international research on the pollution and control of marine microplastics,as well as related policies and regulations,aiming to assess the potential risks of marine microplastic pollution to ecological systems and human health.The paper can provide references and inspiration for further research and marine environmental governance.关键词
微塑料/污染/海洋生物/防治Key words
microplastics/pollution/marine organisms/control measures分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
王钰,张飞..海洋微塑料污染的生物危害及防治研究进展[J].海洋渔业,2025,47(3):450-460,11.基金项目
上海市科学技术委员会项目(20ZR1423400) （20ZR1423400）
