山西农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(4)：11-19,9.DOI:10.26942/j.cnki.issn.1002-2481.2025.04.02
不同覆膜方式对旱作玉米产量与土壤理化性质的影响
Effects of Different Film Mulching Methods on Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Dryland Maize
摘要
Abstract
To systematically evaluate the effects of plastic film mulching technology on alleviating water scarcity,improving soil quality,and enhancing maize productivity in the dryland farming areas of the Loess Plateau,in this study,three treatments were established:full plastic film mulching,semi-plastic film mulching,and no mulching(control).The analysis examined soil physical structure,moisture content,nutrient levels,maize plant agronomic traits,and yield at maturity under different treatments.The results indicated that regarding soil physical properties:,compared to the no mulching control,full plastic film mulching significantly reduced soil bulk density in the 0-20 cm soil layer.Regarding soil nutrients,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers under full mulching increased by 32.85%and 42.08%,respectively,compared to no mulching.Soil total nitrogen and available potassium contents were highest under semi-mulching,measuring 0.74 g/kg and 82.48 mg/kg in the 0-20 cm layer,and 0.70 g/kg and 65.17 mg/kg in the 20-40 cm layer.Regarding maize growth and yield,ear diameter,ear weight,grain number per row,grain weight per ear,and 100-grain weight under full mulching were significantly higher than those under no mulching.Maize grain yields under different treatments ranked as follows:full mulching>semi-mulching>no-mulching.In conclusion,under dryland conditions on the Loess Plateau,plastic film mulching established a stable micro-environment and regulates soil physicochemical properties,facilitating plant absorption of water and nutrients while improving yield components.This approach significantly increased maize grain yield,with full plastic film mulching demonstrating superior effects.Therefore,full plastic film mulching was recommended for application in dryland maize cultivation areas.关键词
旱作玉米/地膜覆盖/土壤理化性质/农艺性状/产量Key words
dryland maize/plastic film mulching/soil physical and chemical properties/agronomic traits/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张丽光,杨亚星,范雅琦,赵丽,李晓瑞..不同覆膜方式对旱作玉米产量与土壤理化性质的影响[J].山西农业科学,2025,53(4):11-19,9.基金项目
寿阳县科技成果转化与应用计划(T23002) （T23002）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022C018) （YDZJSX2022C018）
