实验技术与管理2025，Vol.42Issue(6)：264-269,6.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.06.034
全国重点实验室建设与运行管理的几点思考
Thoughts on the construction and operation management of national key laboratories
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]As the cornerstone of China's national innovation system,national key laboratories play a pivotal role as the vanguard in advancing strategic scientific and technological capabilities.The recent reorganization of the state key laboratory system,implemented as a major strategic initiative by the CPC Central Committee,marks a significant milestone in the ongoing reform of China's science and technology governance framework.With the restructuring phase now completed,these laboratories have entered a crucial implementation period focused on system optimization,operational management,and performance evaluation.This transitional stage presents pressing challenges that demand immediate scholarly attention,particularly regarding the development of effective governance mechanisms for post-reorganization laboratories.Addressing these challenges represents a critical research priority to ensure these institutions fulfill their mission as engines of scientific innovation and technological breakthroughs in the new era.[Methods]This study extensively reviews the literature focusing on the construction,management,operation and development of the state key laboratories.It combines with interview and investigation of the staff and partners in the state key laboratories about the historical development and the background of the reorganization of state key laboratories.It analyses the new characteristics and the new situation and missions faced by the restructured national key laboratories,and discusses how to further strengthen the construction and improve the efficiency of operation and management of national key laboratories after reorganization.[Results]The research shows that the national key laboratories after reorganization have demonstrated new characteristics:① The functional positioning is clearer,② The research direction of laboratories is more focused,③ The host institution of the national key laboratories are more diversified,④ The personnel structure of laboratory researchers is optimized,and more reasonable,⑤ The management and operation mechanism has been innovated.The entity-based operation mechanism of the laboratory has been further improved In this paper,it also puts forward some targeted measures and suggestions for decision-making reference by relevant departments,as follows:① There is an urgent need for the national level to strengthen top-level design in strategic planning,policy guidance,task layout,platform investment,and resource allocation,ensuring that the status and role of the"national team"of national key laboratories after reorganization cannot be weakened.② The resource allocation and funding support mechanism should be established and improved.③ There is an urgent need to increase investment in hardware facilities,update a batch of modern,automated,and intelligent scientific research instruments and equipment to enhance the hardware construction of the public platform of national key laboratories.④ The evaluation work for key laboratories should strengthen the combination of qualitative and quantitative mechanism,optimizing evaluation grouping,evaluation index system,should establish a comprehensive evaluation system guided by goal orientation,problem orientation,task completion,and contribution rate.⑤ Innovate the operation and management mechanism should be established,leveraging the respective advantages of the joint construction institutions,to truly achieve strong collaborations and complementary advantages,establishing a new task-oriented mechanism for co-construction,co-management,co-governance,and shared benefits.It is necessary to lead interdisciplinary research through major tasks and position the laboratory as the"main battlefield"for interdisciplinary research.⑥ Lastly,the relationships between national key laboratories and other innovation base should be coordinated and managed well,such as national laboratories,provincial laboratories,provincial and ministry level key laboratories,and national engineering research centers and so on.[Conclusions]As an important part of the national strategic technological strength,the national key laboratories after reorganization,facing profound changes in the international environment,must demonstrate greater responsibility in high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening,and show new initiatives in serving the industry and promoting the integration of industry,university,and research.They should take on national responsibilities,do national affairs,adhere to demand orientation,goal orientation,and task orientation,actively align with national strategic needs,solve national issues,combine demand orientation with free exploration,dare to break new paths in management models and operation mechanisms,and make new important contributions in major original innovation,tackling key"bottleneck"technologies,serving national and regional social&economic development,enhancing national core competitiveness,and international scientific and technological innovation discourse power,providing strong scientific and technological support for the construction of Chinese-style modernization.关键词
全国重点实验室/重组/使命导向/管理与运行机制Key words
national key laboratory/reorganization/mission orientation/management and operation mechanism分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
吴承春,许蓉..全国重点实验室建设与运行管理的几点思考[J].实验技术与管理,2025,42(6):264-269,6.基金项目
中国工程科技发展战略湖北研究院重点咨询项目(HB2020B21) （HB2020B21）
